20.03 2015. Class hour in 7th grade

"Russia and Crimea"

Class teacher: Tyurina N.A.

Target:

Introduce students to history geographical location and the main attractions of the Crimean peninsula, works of Russian poets about Crimea. Consider the features of the historical and cultural unity of the Republic of Crimea and the city of Sevastopol with the Russian Federation.

Develop the ability to analyze, draw conclusions, promote development creativity schoolchildren.

Cultivate an interest in studying the cultural past of their homeland, a sense of respect for the history of Russia and pride in their country and its people.

Progress of the event

Opening remarks teachers:

Poem reading:

I've been waiting impatiently for Crimea for a long time,

When the reckoning comes for everything.

Conquered the people; s in o yo

And Russia hugged her “brother.”

We have won!" - a voice is heard,

"We won - it will become easier"

There will be more of us in Russia

And therefore we will become stronger.

The “Date” has finally happened,

Russia and Crimea are together again,

It's more pleasant to hear rejoicing,

Than seeing blood on the Maidan.

Crimean peninsula and the city of Sevastopol, abundantly drenched in Russian blood and covered in military and labor glory, found themselves once again with their Motherland - Russia!

On March 16, 2014, a referendum on its legal status. More than 82% of voters took part in the voting, more than 96% were in favor of reunification with Russia. On March 21, 2014, the President of the Russian Federation signed the Federal Constitutional Law “On the admission of new subjects to the Russian Federation - the Republic of Crimea and the city federal significance Sevastopol".

Speaker 1.

The Crimean Peninsula is located in the south Eastern Europe, occupies a favorable economic-geographical and strategic position. In the north, the peninsula is connected to the mainland by the narrow (7 - 23 km) Perekop Isthmus. From the west and south the peninsula is washed by the Black Sea, from the east - Kerch Strait, and from the northeast - water Sea of ​​Azov and its Sivash Bay. Modern name peninsula, according to the most common version, comes from the Turkic word “kyrym” - rampart, wall, ditch. Until the 13th century, the peninsula was called Tavrika (named after the ancient Taurian tribes who lived here), and from the 13th century it was called the Crimean ulus. Since the 15th century, the peninsula began to be called Tavria, and after it became part of Russia in 1783 - Tavrida.

Speaker 2.

From the 8th to the 9th centuries. Economic and cultural ties between Crimea and the Russian principalities began to take shape. The Arabs called the Black Sea the Russian Sea.

At the end of the 10th century, Russian Prince Vladimir was baptized in ancient Chersonesos.

The confrontation between Russia and the Crimean Khanate and the conquest of Crimea by Catherine II.

Following the results of the war of 1768-1774, the Kuchuk-Kainardzhi Peace Treaty was concluded, according to which Crimean Khanate gained independence. Russia included Kerch with the Yeni-Kale fortress, the Azov and Kinburn fortresses, Russian merchant ships could sail freely in the Black Sea. In 1783, Crimea became part of Russia, which was ratified by the Treaty of Jassy (1791) between Russia and Ottoman Empire.

Speaker 3.

Crimean War.

In September 1854, the united armies of England, France and Turkey landed north of Sevastopol and besieged the city. The defense of the city continued for 349 days under the command of Vice Admirals V.A. Kornilov and P.S. Nakhimov, Rear Admiral V.I. Istomina. The war destroyed the city to the ground, but also glorified it throughout the world. During the era of the “Great Reforms” of the 19th century, the population of Crimea doubled.

After the Civil War, Crimea became part of Soviet Union(1922) with the formation of the Crimean Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic within the RSFSR.

Speaker 4.

Defense of Sevastopol during the Great Patriotic War the heroic 250-day defense of Sevastopol went down in history and immortal feat underground garrison in Kerch quarries. Many formations and units of the Red Army received the honorary names “Perekop”, “Sivash”, “Kerch”, “Feodosia”, “Simferopol”, “Sevastopol”. For the defense of Sevastopol, 126 soldiers were awarded high rank Hero of the Soviet Union, thousands were awarded orders and medals.

Speaker 5.

In 1954, the Crimean region was transferred to the Ukrainian SSR according to the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR without indicating the status of Sevastopol, which at that time was a city of republican subordination of the RSFSR. The decree stated that Crimea is a natural continuation southern steppes Ukraine, and “for geographical and economic reasons, the transfer of the Crimean region to the fraternal Ukrainian republic is appropriate and meets the common interests Soviet state" Thus, the Constitution of the RSFSR and the legislative procedure were violated.

Speaker 6.

On January 20, 1991, a referendum was held in Crimea on the issue of re-establishing the Crimean Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic as a separate subject of the USSR, in which 1.4 million citizens (81.37% of voters) took part. 93.26% voted for the restoration of the autonomous republic.

September 4, 1991 Supreme Council Crimea adopted the Declaration of State Sovereignty of the Republic. February 26, 1992 Crimean ASSR was renamed the Republic

Crimea is part of Ukraine. In May of the same year, a constitution was adopted and the post of president was introduced. In March 1995, by decision Verkhovna Rada and the President of Ukraine, the Constitution of the Republic of Crimea was abolished, the post of President was abolished. Came into effect in December 1998 new constitution Crimea. The Republic of Crimea was renamed Autonomous Republic Crimea. The results of the 1991 referendum were not taken into account when making this decision.

Teacher.

Against the backdrop of growing destabilization political situation and increasing the crime situation in Ukraine, trying to overcome the crisis within the framework of current legislation, on March 11, 2014, the Supreme Council of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea and the Sevastopol City Council adopted the Declaration of Independence of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea and the city of Sevastopol.

On March 16, 2014, residents of Crimea decided to secede from Ukraine and hold a referendum on the annexation of Crimea to Russian Federation(96% are in favor of reunification with Russia).

On March 17, 2014, the Republic of Crimea was proclaimed, and on the same day the Sevastopol City Council asked Russian authorities include the city into the Russian Federation as a city of federal significance. On March 18, 2014, in the Georgievsky Palace of the Kremlin, an agreement was signed on the accession of the Republic of Crimea and the city of Sevastopol to the Russian Federation as new entities.

On March 21, 2014, the Federal Constitutional Law “On the admission of the Republic of Crimea to the Russian Federation and the formation of new entities within the Russian Federation - the Republic of Crimea and the federal city of Sevastopol” was ratified.

Conclusion.

The events that took place in Ukraine did not leave Russians indifferent. The split of Ukraine by internal political forces country and its consequences resonated sharply in the hearts of Belgorod residents, for whom the concept of “brotherly people” is filled with a special meaning. Belgorod region is bordering the Ukrainian Kharkov region. Historically northeast modern Ukraine(Kharkov, Sumy, parts of Lugansk, Donetsk and Poltava regions) and the southwest of the Black Earth Region in Russia (Belgorod, southern, southwestern regions of Kursk and Voronezh regions) constitute an informal unified historical and geographical region of Slobozhanshchina, closely uniting the population of the listed areas with multiple connections, both business, economic, cultural and family.

Reunification of Crimea with Russia

Class hour - topic: “Reunification of Crimea with Russia”

GOALS: Raising worthy citizens, patriots of their homeland;

nurturing love for one’s Fatherland, understanding one’s history, showing respect for the history of one’s ancestors, forming knowledge about one’s Fatherland, developing an emotionally charged internal image;

fostering readiness to perceive certain phenomena national life and interethnic relations;

instilling in children a love of peace, acceptance and understanding of people of other nationalities; develop students’ thinking and speech, promote class unity

Event form: class hour, group performance.

Methodological support for the event and teaching aids: activity approach technology, elements of personality-oriented technology, computer technology.

Formation of cognitive UUD: expand the idea of ​​Crimea as a landscape and historical and cultural reserve, glorified in works of literature and art; to form key competencies in the field of literature, geography, information technology; development cognitive interest V different areas knowledge and project activities; research experience.

Formation personal UUD: experience; form active position, aimed at students’ participation in the economic and socio-political life of their country, communication skills; creative abilities, acting and performing skills of students.

Formation of regulatory UUD: nurturing patriotic feelings, tolerance and respect for the ethnic diversity of the population of Crimea.

Equipment: computer presentation, musical works

Progress of the event

(slide No. 2) Epigraph for the class hour:

Union, order with silence

They are going to dominate the country,

Where night reigned forever:

Where weak light the moon was considered

One light from time immemorial.

Rise up Crimea! your dream was interrupted.

Clear days will come for you.

Motivational - target stage:

Screening of the video fragment “From the Scythians to the present day. (SLIDE No. 3)
How the map of Crimea changed
for 3 thousand years. The song by V. Tsyganova “This is Crimea” is played.

TEACHER: Guys, what topic do you think our class hour is devoted to?

(Our class hour is dedicated to the reunification of Crimea with Russia.)

1) History of Crimea.
Let's remember a little history about the name and location of the peninsula.(SLIDE No. 4)
To do this, let's go back three thousand years. The history of Crimea is very interesting and spans centuries. The Crimean Peninsula is located in the east of Europe... Crimea is from the Turkic word “kyrym”, which means “shaft”, “ditch”, “wall”. A huge ditch (shaft) 8.5 km long was built 2 thousand years ago and divided the mainland and the peninsula. Until the 13th century, the peninsula was called Tavrika (named after the ancient Taurian tribes who lived here).
Over the course of many centuries and millennia of antiquity, the land of Crimea experienced many migrations and conquests.

Let's see who owned the Peninsula for 3 thousand years. (SLIDE No. 5)

Performance of group 1: (introduction to the geography of Crimea).

"Greek Settlements".

1 student (Greek costume):

Slide No. 6 Greek settlements in Crimea began to appear in the second half of the 7th century BC. and by the middle of the 6th century BC. the Greeks conquered the entire coast. The first was Panticalei (Theodosius), based on east coast people from ancient greek city Miletus is a major trading center on the coast of Asia Minor.

2 student (Greek costume):

Slide No. 7

5th century BC on the Crimean coast two independent Greek states – Bosporan autocratic state with the capital Panticale and democratic slave republic Chersonese Tauride, a slave-owning republic with a democratic form of government, which included the lands of western Crimea - the Heraclean Peninsula, Kerkinitida (modern Evpatoria) and Kalos-Limeni (Black Sea)..

1 student:
Greek colonists introduced shipbuilding, cultivation of olive and other trees, and viticulture to the Crimean coast. They grew wheat and barley - the Bosporus (Kerch) was the largest supplier of grain to Greece, especially Athens, and many islands.

Student 2:

The Greeks also built temples, theaters, stadiums, and practiced various crafts. Fabrics, weapons, jewelry, bronze and ceramic products Greek masters were distinguished by high artistic level and did not go only to meet demand Greek population, but also barbarians, primarily the Scythian and other nobility.

3student:

Slide No. 8

In the second half of the 4th century, the Huns burst into the territory of Crimea, representing a strong tribal union that developed in the steppes and deserts Central Asia. They walked across the steppe Crimea, sweeping away the remaining settlements of the Scythians and Sarmatians on their way, and after a long struggle, the Bosporan kingdom also perished under their blows. The Greek settlements of the Huns turned into heaps of ruins, and life in them ceased.

Slide No. 9
4 student: In 1475, the troops of the Sultan's Turkey invaded the Crimean peninsula. They captured and destroyed the Crimean Khanate, and Crimea came under Turkish (Ottoman) rule. Ottoman rule in Crimea ended after Russian-Turkish war 1768-1774. Crimea became part of Russia under Catherine the Great in 1783. Suvorov fought on the peninsula; Kutuzov lost an eye here in one of the battles.

Student 5: In 1783, after the Russian-Turkish War (1768-1774), Crimea was annexed to the Russian Empire. This contributed to the strengthening of Russia, its southern borders ensured the safety of transport routes on the Black Sea.

Slide No. 10

Student 6:

From Manifesto Grand Empress Catherine II
on the annexation of the Crimean Peninsula,
Taman Islands from the entire Kuban side to Russia,
1783, April 8

Slide No. 11

Student 7:

By God's Grace
We
Catherine II
Empress and Autocrat of All Russia,
and so on, and so on, and so on.

During the past war with the Ottoman Port, when the strength and victories of Our weapons gave Us the full right to leave Crimea in Our favor. Announcing to the inhabitants of those places by the power of this Our Imperial Manifesto such a change in their existence, we promise sacredly and unshakably for Ourselves and the Successors of Our Throne to support them on an equal basis with our natural subjects, to protect and defend their persons, property, temples and natural faith, which is freely practiced with all will remain inviolable by legal rites.

Given in Our capital city of St. Peter, on April 8th day from the Nativity of Christ, 1783, and in the twenty-first summer of Our reign.Catherine II

Slide No. 12

8 student: The majority of the Muslim population left Crimea, moving to Turkey, the region became depopulated and fell into desolation. In order to revive the peninsula, Prince G. Potemkin, appointed governor of Taurida, began to resettle serfs and retired soldiers from neighboring areas. So they appeared on Crimean land new villages Mazanka, Izyumovka, Chistenkoye... The work of His Serene Highness Prince was not in vain, the economy of Crimea began to develop rapidly, gardens, vineyards, and tobacco plantations were established in South Coast and in the mountainous part. On the shores of an excellent natural harbor, the city of Sevastopol was founded as a base for the Black Sea Fleet. Near the small town of Ak-Mosque, Simferopol is being built, which became the center of the Tauride province.

Slide No. 13

9 student: In 1854-1855 Main events took place in Crimea Eastern War(1853-1856), better known as Crimean. In September 1854, the united armies of England, France and Turkey landed north of Sevastopol and besieged the city. The defense of the city continued for 349 days under the command of Vice Admirals V.A. Kornilov and P.S. Nakhimov. The war destroyed the city to the ground, but also glorified it throughout the world.The names of many heroes of that war are still alive in people’s memory, one of them Daria Sevastopolskaya.

Slides No. 14,15

10 student: Very little is known about Dasha. When the Crimean War began, which lasted three years, she was only seventeen years old. Dasha was born in 1836 on the outskirts of Sevastopol in the village of Sukhaya Balka in the family of a sailor of the 10th fin crew Lavrenty Mikhailov. It is only known that Dasha’s mother was also the daughter of a sailor and made a living by washing clothes. From the age of twelve, Dasha also began washing clothes and with the money she earned she was even able to buy a cow, but this was her only wealth. And in 1853, my father died in a bloody battle at Sinop. But even during his father’s life, his salary was small - after all, the treasury saved on sailors. A small, thin girl with a thick brown braid was left all alone in her dilapidated, dilapidated house.

How to live further? In her situation, anyone would despair, but not Dasha. A difficult, lonely childhood strengthened her character, which was far from timid and compassionate by nature. Hardship and need did not embitter Dasha; on the contrary, they awakened in her sympathetic heart sympathy for other people and a desire to help. She, who grew up without parental care and affection, had plenty of courage and perseverance, but the situation was terrible. What can I say - war...

And then Dasha did an act that was strange to an outsider. The neighbors decided that, apparently, the poor orphan had lost her mind from grief and suffering, but she acted completely consciously and purposefully, at the behest of her heart. She cut off her braid, changed into a sailor's uniform, sold all her property, and exchanged her precious cow, which kept her from starving to death, for a horse and cart. She bought vinegar and white linen and turned her cart into a dressing station.

Dasha's cart moved to the banks of the Alma, to where one of the heaviest battles was taking place. Crimean War- Alminskoe. This “carriage of grief,” as the residents of the Ship Side called the carriage of the “crazed orphan,” became the first dressing station in history on the battlefield.

All day long, tirelessly, Dasha traveled to the front line and back, taking out the wounded, for whom there was no one to care for, without making out who was in front of her - Russian, French, English or Turk. Many were left lying on the bare ground, bleeding, without any help. And then Dasha appeared to the wounded like a bright angel, like the last hope.

“Be patient, my dear, everything will be fine, my dear,” - with these words Dasha washed and bandaged the wounds. As best she could, she tried to alleviate the plight of the wounded. The soldiers loved their young “sister” so much that very often, when they died, they bequeathed her watches and money.

Daria returned to Sevastopol, where until the end of her days she lived quietly and modestly on her native Korabelnaya side. There were no relatives left alive, and Daria Lavrentievna whiled away her days in peace and solitude. Old-timers recalled that she died in 1910 and was buried in the cemetery in Dock Ravine. The grave of the selfless woman has not been preserved, a public garden is now laid out on the site of the cemetery, but the memory of Dasha of Sevastopol lives on among the people, and this is the main thing.

Slide No. 16

11 student: Chaos reigned in Sevastopol, which was under shelling. The famous lawyer Anatoly Fedorovich Koni recalled: “The Honored General told me the following episode from last days the brutal bombing of long-suffering Sevastopol, when up to three thousand people were taken out of action wounded and killed per day; The commander, whom the narrator, while still a young lieutenant, accompanied to the position at night, could not resist a sorrowful exclamation at the constant meeting with the stretchers on which the dying were carried. From dark mass Living “cover” lying on the ground, someone’s head rose and an encouraging voice said: “Your Excellency, don’t worry: we have enough for three more days!”

Slide No. 17

12 student: The war, which began on June 22, 1941, very quickly reached the Crimean land. The Second has begun heroic defense city, lasting 250 days. For the defense of Sevastopol, 126 soldiers were awarded the high title of Hero of the Soviet Union, thousands were awarded orders and medals. It is not for nothing that Sevastopol is called the city of Russian glory, the city of Russian sailors.
In Crimea, our troops suffered losses,
There were battles for every meter of land.
We held strong defenses and bridgeheads,
They went on the attack and hand-to-hand combat.
The shells tore our land to shreds,
But every warrior fought like a hero.
In 1942 we had to leave Crimea,
The enemy launched an offensive on all fronts.
The partisans also entered the “rail” war,
They instilled fear in the Germans in the rear.
The resistance also affected other countries,
The earth burned under the feet of the hated “Swabians”
The outcome of the war was then resolved on the Volga
We crashed here fascist troops
Kerch and Sevastopol were liberated later
Assigning statuses for them - “Heroes of the city”.

The whole world, with bated breath, closely followed the events in Crimea in 1945. INIn February 1945, a conference of the heads of three powers - the USSR, the USA and Great Britain - took place at the Livadia Palace. At the Crimean (Yalta) Conference, decisions were made related to the end of the war with Germany and Japan, and the establishment of a post-war world order.
Slide No. 18

13 student:On February 19, 1954, a decree was issued on the transfer of the Crimean region to Ukraine. Today, many believe that Khrushchev made a royal gift to Ukraine on behalf of Russia. Nevertheless, the decree was signed by the Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR, Voroshilov, and Khrushchev’s signature is not present at all in the documents relating to the transfer of Crimea to Ukraine.

Slide No. 19,20

Student 14: On March 16, 2014, as a result of the referendum, it was signed
Slide No. 21

student: Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of March 17, 2014 N 147 “On recognition of the Republic of Crimea”

Russia recognized Crimea as an independent state!
Republic of Crimea, in which the city of Sevastopol has special status, is recognized as a sovereign and independent state.
Let us note that on March 16, 2014, an all-Crimean referendum took place, in which the overwhelming majority of the population of the Republic voted to join Russia. Earlier, on March 11, by resolution of the Supreme Council of Crimea, the Declaration of Independence of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea and the city of Sevastopol was adopted. In accordance with it, if a decision is made at the referendum on March 16 to join Russia, Crimea is declared an independent and sovereign state with a republican form of government.
The decree comes into force from the date of its signing.

Slide No. 23

Teacher: The history of Crimea continues. The lives of entire generations lie ahead. And it is up to us to make this land prosperous and peaceful. The coat of arms of the Republic of Crimea says “Prosperity in unity!”, which means that only under a peaceful sky and in the community of all nations can we make our land prosperous and rich.

What does it mean: My homeland?
You ask. I will answer:
First the path is earth
Runs towards you.
Then the garden will beckon you
fragrant branch each.
Then you will see an orderly row
Multi-storey houses.
Then the wheat fields
From edge to edge.
All this is your homeland,
Your native land.
The older and stronger you become,
The more in front of you
She's tempting ways
He will trustfully reveal.
(N. Polyakova. My Motherland)

Slides No. 24,25

Showing a video clip“In the capital of Crimea, the festivities continued until late at night”

Showing a video clip “Simferopol celebrates joining Russia”

Extracurricular activity for 6th grade. Reunification of Crimea with Russia

Class hour - topic: “Reunification of Crimea with Russia”

TOPIC: Reunification of Crimea with Russia.

instilling in children a love of peace, acceptance and understanding of people of other nationalities; develop students’ thinking, promote class unity
Equipment: computer presentation, illustrations, symbolism, epigraph,
"Wish Tree" poster.
Goals:
Raising worthy citizens, patriots of their homeland;
nurturing love for one’s Fatherland, understanding one’s history,
showing respect for the history of ancestors,
fostering readiness to perceive certain phenomena of national life and interethnic relations;
show the historical, geopolitical role of the Crimean peninsula in the history and modernity of Russia;
emphasize the validity of reunification from the point of view of world law, moral and ethical standards;
show the peacemaking and humanistic nature of Russia’s actions in protecting its geopolitical interests and the Russian, Russian-speaking population of Crimea and Sevastopol, who find themselves in difficult situation as a result of a political revolution in Ukraine;
give students an idea of ​​the temporary nature of difficulties in diplomatic, political and economic relations with Ukraine, the absence of aggressive intentions of our country towards the fraternal neighboring state.

Tasks:
educational task - mastering new, previously unstudied material about new subjects of the Russian Federation, using interactive forms training;
educational task is to instill in students pride and respect for the history of their country, the state as a whole, its achievements and heritage, fostering tolerance and friendly relations between fraternal peoples;
developmental tasks - to interest students in the proposed material, to give them the opportunity to independently continue studying this topic.

Progress of the event

Slide No. 10 In 1954, the Soviet Union was preparing to celebrate the 300th anniversary of the reunification of Ukraine and Russia with pomp. It is in connection with this event that the decision of the then leadership of the country, headed by Nikita Sergeevich Khrushchev, to transfer the Crimean region and Sevastopol from the RSFSR to the Ukrainian SSR is connected. Which was done in violation of the then current constitutional legislation of the RSFSR. As he wrote in the early 90s. XX century Russian writer A.I. Solzhenitsyn regarding this act:
“The whole region was “gifted” without any laws by the whim of a rogue sultan!”
Changes always happen unnoticed. The world is changing faster than we can imagine...

Slide number 11.
On March 16, 2014, a referendum was held for the reunification of Crimea with Russia, where the majority of residents voted in favor.
Referendum- this is a popular poll to decide important issues in the life of the state.

The class hour is dedicated to the anniversary of the annexation of Crimea with Russia.

“Russia and Crimea - a common destiny”

Show the historical, geopolitical role of the Crimean peninsula in the history and modernity of Russia;

Emphasize the validity of reunification from the point of view of world law, moral and ethical standards;

Fostering love for one's Fatherland; fostering readiness to perceive certain phenomena of national life and interethnic relations;

Equipment: flag of the Russian Federation; map of Crimea; multimedia projector, presentations, video “Ceremony of signing the agreement on the annexation of Crimea to Russia.”

Progress of the event

1. Organizational moment

1. Communicate the theme and purpose of the event.
2. Preparation of the workplace. (“Crimean Spring” is written on the board in 3 languages, because in Crimea state languages, photographs of class students on a trip to Crimea.

1. Stage of preparing students for active absorption knowledge:

The song and video “Russia Doesn’t Abandon Its Own” (Spanish: Igor Firstov-Rim Nugaev) is played.

1.Teacher's opening speech

Our class hour today is dedicated to the topic of the reunification of Crimea with Russia. Question 1: Why is the date March 16, 2014 famous for Crimea and Russia?

Students answer - On March 16, 2014, a referendum on its legal status took place in Crimea. More than 82% of voters took part in the voting, more than 96% were in favor of reunification with Russia. On March 21, 2014, the President of the Russian Federation signed the Federal Constitutional Law “On the admission of new subjects into the Russian Federation - the Republic of Crimea and the federal city of Sevastopol”

A year has passed and spring has come again - the Crimean spring.

Question 2: What is surprising about this time of year? (Students reason...and give answers).

Question 3: On the board you see that “Crimean Spring” is written in 3 languages: Russian, Ukrainian and Crimean Tatar. Why? (students reason...and give an answer.)

My Crimea. You can talk a lot about Crimea, admire its wonderful nature, it is impossible not to love Crimea with your heart, it is worth returning to this land! To walk through Pushkin's places, And feel both awe and excitement, How lucky are the poems born here! Crimea was and is a source of inspiration!

.And now we will rush with you to " time machine"and remember the history of our Crimea, which each of us should know. “...for there is no future for a generation that does not know and does not honor its past.”

III. Knowledge acquisition stage

1. "History of Crimea"

Speech by lecture group I. (Artyom Kobets and Maxim Pokataev)

Speaker 1. (slide 1) The Crimean Peninsula is located in the south of Eastern Europe and occupies a favorable economic-geographical and strategic position. In the north, the peninsula is connected to the mainland by the narrow (7 - 23 km) Perekop Isthmus. From the west and south, the peninsula is washed by the Black Sea, from the east by the Kerch Strait, and from the northeast by the waters of the Sea of ​​Azov and its Sivash Bay.

Speaker 2. (slide 2) “The modern name of the peninsula, according to the most common version, comes from the Turkic word “kyrym” - rampart, wall, ditch. Until the 13th century, the peninsula was called Tavrika (named after the ancient Taurian tribes who lived here), and from the 13th century it was called the Crimean ulus. Since the 15th century, the peninsula began to be called Tavria, and after it became part of Russia in 1783 - Tavrida.

Speaker 1. (slide 3) Chersonese Tauride was founded by the Greeks in the 6th century BC. and existed for another 2 thousand years. The ruins of Chersonesus are located on the territory of Sevastopol.

Speaker 2. (slide 4) From the 8th to the 9th centuries. Economic and cultural ties between Crimea and the Russian principalities began to take shape. The Arabs called the Black Sea the Russian Sea. At the end of the 10th century, Russian Prince Vladimir was baptized in ancient Chersonesos. In the “Tale of Bygone Years” the following is said about the baptism of Prince Vladimir: “He was baptized in the church of St. Basil, and that church stands in the city of Korsun in the middle of the city, where the Korsun people gather for bargaining.”

SpeakerI(slide 5) In XIII, the territory of the semi-islands was invaded Horde troops, and the Crimean ulus was formed, and later, from 1443, the independent Crimean Khanate. The development of the economy and culture of Crimea and its growing rapprochement with Russia were stopped for a long time Horde invasion.

Speaker 2 (slide 6). In 1475, the troops of the Sultan of Turkey invaded the Crimean peninsula. They captured and ruined the Principality of Theodoro. The Crimean Khanate became a vassal of Turkey.

2.“ LIFE IN STRUGGLE"

Speech by lecture group II. (Valeria Savicheva and Vladislav Ponomarev)

Speaker 1. (slide 7) For many years, Russia waged wars with the Ottoman Empire. A.V. Suvorov, M.I. Kutuzov and F.F. played a major role in this struggle. Ushakov.

Speaker 2. (slide 8) In 1854-1855 The main events of the Eastern War (1853-1856), better known as the Crimean War, took place in Crimea. In September 1854 The united armies of England, France and Turkey landed north of Sevastopol and besieged the city. The war destroyed the city to the ground. But she also glorified him throughout the world.

Speaker 1.(slide 9) The defense of Sevastopol continued for 349 days under the command of Vice Admirals V.A. Kornilov and P.S. Nakhimov, Rear Admiral V.I. Istomina.

SpeakerII. (slide 10). In November 1920, the defeat of Wrangel in Crimea ended the Civil War. After

SpeakerI. (slide 11) The defense of Sevastopol during the Great Patriotic War went down in history with the heroic 250-day defense of Sevastopol and the immortal feat of the underground garrison in the Kerch quarries. Many formations and units of the Red Army received the honorary names “Perekop”, “Sivash”, “Kerch”, “Feodosia”, “Simferopol”, “Sevastopol”. For the defense of Sevastopol, 126 soldiers were awarded the high title of Hero of the Soviet Union, thousands were awarded orders and medals.

Speaker II. (slide 12) In November 2013 - February 2014 A political crisis has broken out in Ukraine. In February 2014, against the backdrop of mass unrest and bloody clashes between law enforcement forces and opposition protesters in Kyiv, the President of Ukraine V.F. Yanukovych was removed from power by the opposition and left the country, turning to Russia for help, calling on it to ensure the protection of his life and safety .

The song “I know about the war only by hearsay” plays. performed by Valeria Fedkova.

1. MY MUSE TOLD ME ONCE...(slide 13)

During the 19th-20th centuries, Crimea became a place of pilgrimage for writers, poets, artists, and composers. Memorable places associated with named A, C, Pushkin, L, N, Tolstoy, A, P, Chekhov, I.K. Aivazovsky, etc.

A group of readers performs: Bakhareva K., Tishchenko I., Mambetova E., Kostyrko V., Prikhodko D. (The guys read poems in different languages ​​about Crimea, spring, friendship.)

About Feodosia

Over Feodosia this spring day has faded away forever, And everywhere the charming hour of the evening lengthens the shadows.

Choking with melancholy, I walk alone, without any thought, And my two thin hands droop and hang.

I walk along the Genoese walls, Meeting the kisses of the wind, And silken dresses sway around my knees.

And the rim of the ring is modest, And the bouquet of several violets is touchingly small and pitiful Almost right next to the face.

I walk along the ramparts, In the melancholy of evening and spring. And the evening lengthens the shadows, And hopelessness seeks words. (Marina Tsvetaeva)

I love spring

The water is noisy, the wind is whispering, The snow has melted, and now the top waters have flown - As we know, spring is here. I love nature’s quiet chatter, the way the noise of the bushes whispers, and the quiet sound of the wind in the field, and the way the nightingales sleep. I love how the dawns of the middle of the night set fire to their fires, When girls’ brown eyes look tenderly at mine. I love how the sun shines in the sky and laughs at me, I love when the spring comes to us.?

The waves come and the waves go, They spread with foam on the sloping shore, Foggy shadows wander across the sea, Seagulls fly and scream as if in alarm,

For many centuries, near the wild shallows, Roman walls sleep in the ruins, Listen to the lingering cries of seagulls, Look at the white lace of foam. (Valery Bryusov)

(Translation from Hebrew)

I want people to calm down

They went to bed, got up,

So that songs about happiness

They haven't stopped talking since morning,

So that people all live in love and harmony

And for bright happiness!

4. LONG ROAD HOME.

Lecture group 3 speaking (Anna Kryukova and Gennady Belousov)

Speaker 1(slide 14) In 1783, Crimea became part of Russia, which was ratified by the Treaty of Iasi (1791) between Russia and the Ottoman Empire. From the Manifesto of Catherine II on April 8, 1783.

“Returning to the inhabitants of those places, by the power of our Imperial Manifesto, such a change in their existence, we promise sacredly and unshakably for ourselves and the successors to our throne, to support them on an equal basis with natural subjects, to protect and defend their persons, property, temples and natural faith, which is freely exercised with all legal rites will remain inviolable; and finally allow each of them to have all the delights and advantages that such a state enjoys in Russia...”

Speaker 2.(slide 15) After the Civil War, Crimea became part of the Soviet Union (1922) with the formation of the Crimean Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic within the RSFSR. Since 1945 - Crimean region of the RSFSR.

Speaker 1.(slide 16) October 29, 1948 Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the RSFSR No. 761/2 “On the separation of the city of Sevastopol into an independent administrative and economic center” determined the status of the city of Sevastopol as part of the category of cities of republican subordination of the RSFSR.

Speaker 2.(slide 17) In 1954, the Crimean region was transferred to the Ukrainian SSR according to the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR without indicating the status of Sevastopol, which at that time was a city of republican subordination of the RSFSR. The decree stated that Crimea is a natural continuation of the southern steppes of Ukraine, and “for geographical and economic reasons, the transfer of the Crimean region to the fraternal Ukrainian republic is appropriate and meets the general interests of the Soviet state.” Thus, the Constitution of the RSFSR and the legislative procedure were violated.

Speaker 1.(slide 18)

On January 20, 1991, a referendum was held in Crimea on the issue of re-establishing the Crimean Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic as a separate subject of the USSR, in which 1.4 million citizens (81.37% of voters) took part. 93.26% voted for the restoration of the autonomous republic.

On September 4, 1991, the Supreme Council of Crimea adopted the Declaration of State Sovereignty of the Republic. On February 26, 1992, the Crimean Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic was renamed the Republic

Crimea is part of Ukraine. In May of the same year, a constitution was adopted and the post of president was introduced. In March 1995, by decision of the Verkhovna Rada and the President of Ukraine, the constitution of the Republic of Crimea was abolished and the post of president was abolished. In December 1998, the new constitution of Crimea came into force. The Republic of Crimea was renamed the Autonomous Republic of Crimea. The results of the 1991 referendum were not taken into account when making this decision.

Speaker 2 (Slide 19)

On March 16, 2014, the residents of Crimea decided to secede from Ukraine and hold a referendum on the annexation of Crimea to the Russian Federation (96% “for” reunification with Russia).

On March 17, 2014, the Republic of Crimea was proclaimed, and on the same day the Sevastopol City Council asked the Russian authorities to include the city in the Russian Federation as a city of federal significance.

On March 18, 2014, in the Georgievsky Palace of the Kremlin, an agreement was signed on the accession of the Republic of Crimea and the city of Sevastopol to the Russian Federation as new entities.

On March 21, 2014, the Federal Constitutional Law “On the admission of the Republic of Crimea to the Russian Federation and the formation of new entities within the Russian Federation - the Republic of Crimea and the federal city of Sevastopol” was ratified.

5. Video " Ceremony of signing the agreement on the annexation of Crimea to Russia.”

6.Slideshow « I - WE - CRIMEA - RUSSIA »

IV.Reflection

1. Question: how do you see the future of Crimea and Russia? (students reason...)

2. On the flowers that are on your desks, write a wish for your future self, Crimea, Russia.

V. Summing up

1. (students attach their flowers with wishes to the “Crimean Spring” board). AND YOU AND I HAVE REAL SPRING! And may all your wishes come true and may no one ever dare to overshadow them.

2. The song “ Crimea - front"

Thanks everyone. It was a pleasure talking with you.