How does a child adapt to school? Adult problems of young students: how to help a first-grader adapt to school? Any events are important

Entering school brings big changes to a child's life. The adaptation period is quite difficult for him. How to make it easier for a first-grader to get used to school.
Determining a child's readiness for school
Before revealing the components of a child’s psychological readiness for schooling, it is necessary to answer the questions: what should he be prepared for, and what kind of readiness is required of him. Firstly, the child has to learnschool curriculum, secondly, he will need to get used to the new conditions in which he will find himself. The novelty is as follows:

a new activity for the child begins - entirely educational, not playful;

he must be in a new group of children and teachers every day;

The child first finds himself in the conditions of examination, when his knowledge: and successes are assessed.

Psychological readiness for school includes the following components: motivational readiness, volitional readiness, readiness of cognitive functions, readiness of the hand to master writing, social readiness.
In order to assess the child’s level of psychological readiness for school, an interview is conducted with a psychologist. At the same time, the presence of knowledge is not assessed (does the child know letters, can he read and count), but the indicated components of readiness for school, since this is what will make it possible in the future to easily adapt to school learning and quickly acquire reading, writing and counting skills. Thus, a child’s psychological readiness for school is determined not by a set of knowledge and skills, but by a certain degree of maturity of his brain structures.
Motivational readiness to learn
When we talk about motivational or personal readiness child to school, we mean his desire or reluctance to go to it. To the question “Do you want to go to school, or do you like it better in kindergarten?
kindergarten?" He can answer that in kindergarten he already knows everything, and that’s why he wants to go to school. But the explanations of what exactly attracts him to school can be very different: because some friends are already studying
at school; because they don’t go to bed there during the day; because I want to
have a new portfolio; because during breaks you can run along the corridor, etc. Unfortunately, such answers indicate that the school
attracts the child, but personally he is not yet ready for educational activities. Such interests can quickly fade away (after three days the portfolio
will already lose all attractiveness for the child).
The listed motives will not give the child enough strength (attention, diligence) to overcome the difficulties that he will inevitably encounter in a school setting. And if a child is going to school because he needs to learn to read, write, count, or because he wants to become like his dad or mom, then parents can be sure that his interest in learning will be long-lasting.

Willful readiness to training
By the beginning of school, the child must learn to concentrate his attention not on those activities that are interesting to him at the moment (play, draw), but on what the teacher tells him. A preschooler is not always able to perceive the word “must” as a guide to action and subordinate his desires to it. He is more impulsive, his behavior is controlled by desires and interests that are not persistent. They are easily excited by a new toy or a new game, but they also fade away easily. Volitional readiness, or volitionality, is the child’s ability to act according to the instructions of an adult (according to the rule given by him), to focus on given system requirements. As a rule, a child’s voluntary behavior is formed by the age of 6-7 years. During the interview, the psychologist assesses how attentive he is, whether he can act on the instructions of an adult, organize his activities in accordance with the task, monitor its results and compare them with a given sample.
Readiness of cognitive functions
The learning process is ensured by the basic cognitive functions of a person: attention, thinking, perception, memory, speech, spatial concepts. These functions develop in a child from birth until the age of 15-18 years. A sufficient degree of maturity of these functions by the time school begins ensures a successful start to educational activities at school. The peculiarity is that cognitive functions do not develop in a child simultaneously (some of them may be ahead of others) and not equally (in some children due to various reasons the formation of some functions is delayed).
Readiness of a child's hand to master writing
The task of a psychologist when examining a child is to identify the degree of
nor the maturity of his functions and drawing up, on the basis of this, a forecast of possible difficulties that he may encounter in the first grade. Except
In addition, it is imperative to give parents recommendations on what kind of help their child needs in order to “pull up” what has not yet been achieved.
an end-formed function that can hinder his performance at school.
One of the skills that should be developed by the time a child starts school is the development of precise hand movements (fine motor skills). In a person’s mental development, a lot is determined by how much he is able to control his hands. Moreover, this is a very complex dependence: the development of the central nervous system allows you to correlate what a person sees and hears with the trajectory of the movements being performed, and improving hand movements, in turn, accelerates the development of the speech centers of the brain. If a child’s fine motor skills are not sufficiently developed, then he may have poor handwriting (as a rule, this indicates insufficient muscle-articular sensitivity of the fingers), or the hand quickly gets tired when writing (due to increased muscle tone). When examining a child, the psychologist will definitely ask him to draw something (a person, a house) or copy a pattern from a sample in order to assess how ready the child’s hand is for writing.

Social readiness
Social maturity implies the child’s need to communicate with peers and the ability to subordinate his behavior to the laws of children’s groups, the ability to accept the role of a student, the ability to listen and follow the teacher’s instructions. When assessing social readiness The psychologist looks at how easily the child makes contact, whether new faces and the need to communicate with them cause him increased anxiety. This determines how the child will fit into a new team.
Development of spatial concepts
As practice shows, today's six-year-olds most often have underdeveloped spatial understanding and speech. Children have poor spatial orientation: it is often difficult for them to determine which is right and which is right. left hand; what is to the right, what is to the left of them. Orientation in space is very important for memorizing letters and numbers, since they have a rigid spatial configuration.
To remember the configuration of letters, you can sculpt them with your child from plasticine; fold from small mosaics; make from wire; draw on the palm; trace the letters with your finger, and then repeat these movements on clean paper, dipping your finger in the paint.
Speech development
Insufficient speech development in children causes low level verbal-logical thinking. Unfortunately, modern children spend more time watching TV and computers rather than communicating with their parents. Neither a television nor, especially, a computer is a developmental environment for a child, and the latter is completely contraindicated for preschool children. This is the opinion of psychologists, neurologists and psychoneurologists.
The development of speech is greatly influenced by communication with a child about a book he has read, a movie he has watched, a visit to the zoo... Adults should be interested in what he remembers from what he read; who was the story about? what, in the child’s opinion, is the main character - strong or weak, kind or evil, good or bad, why does he think so. It is necessary to encourage the child to reason out loud, retell, compose a coherent story, and build cause-and-effect relationships. It is useful to use series story pictures(comics). The child must put them in order and make up a story based on them. The game “similarities and differences” is useful for training generalization skills and identifying essential features. If it is difficult for a child, you need to help him with leading questions. To obtain a positive result, such classes should be carried out systematically and always in a friendly environment.
Thus, if we want our children to be smart and successful in school, we need to limit their exposure to TV and computers and expand communication with the people closest to them. The most precious thing we can give a child is the time we devote to him. “Every parent has the right to choose what to “invest” their free time: into an endless stream of “important” things or into your own child.

Development of arbitrariness of behavior
In the formation of voluntary behavior, that is, the child’s ability to act not according to his own wishes, but according to the instructions of an adult, the leading role, oddly enough, belongs to the game. It's about about a role-playing game in which there are rules and the child must subordinate his behavior to them. This can be a game in school, store, hospital, as well as outdoor games with certain rules. If it is difficult to organize such games at home, then parents are quite capable of playing the well-known game “Don’t say “yes” and “no”” with your child. In such a game, the child learns to act not according to the first impulse, but according to the rule.
Don't take black, don't take white, don't say "yes" or "no"
The presenter goes around the players and says to everyone: “They sent you a hundred rubles. Buy whatever you want, don’t buy black or white, don’t say “yes” or “no!” After that, he conducts a conversation with the participant in the game, asks various questions, provoking someone to say one of the prohibited words in the conversation: “black”, “white”, “yes”, “no”. Children in the game listen carefully to questions and monitor their speech. Host: What is sold in the bakery? Child: Bread. Host: Which one? Child: Soft.
Host: Which bread do you like more: black or white? Child: Everyone.
Host: What kind of flour are buns made from? Child: Made from wheat.

How do you know if your child is ready to go to school?
Developed by school psychologists special techniques, allowing you to determine the child’s level of readiness for school. Seek help from a psychologist working in the kindergarten your child attends, or from the children's district clinic - they will explain to you how to find the right specialist.
Try to answer (“yes” or “no”) to the questions this test. It will help you understand if your child is ready for school.

Can your child do anything independently that requires concentration for 25-30 minutes (for example, assembling construction sets or puzzles)?

Does your child say that he wants to go to school because there he will learn a lot of new and interesting things and make new friends?

Can your child independently compose a story based on a picture that includes at least 5 sentences?

Does your child know several poems by heart?

Is it true that your child is present strangers behaves at ease, is not shy?

Does your child know how to change a noun by numbers (for example: frame - frames, ear - ears, person - people, child - children)?

Can your child solve addition and subtraction problems within ten?

Can your child solve problems involving finding the sum or difference (for example: “There are 3 apples and 2 pears in the vase. How many fruits are in the vase?”; “There were 10 candies in the vase. 3 candies were eaten. How many are left?”)?

Can your child accurately repeat the sentence (for example: “Bunny, jump on the stump!”)?

Does your child like to color pictures, draw, or sculpt from plasticine?

Does your child know how to use scissors and glue (for example, make applique)?

Can your child generalize concepts (for example, name a table, sofa, chair, armchair in one word (namely furniture)?

Can your child compare two objects, that is, name the similarities and differences between them (for example, a pen and a pencil, a tree and a bush)?

Does your child know the names of the seasons, months, days of the week, and their sequence?

Can your child understand and accurately follow verbal instructions?

If you answered affirmatively to 15–17 questions, you can assume that your child is quite ready for school. It was not in vain that you worked with him, and school difficulties, if they arise, will be easily overcome.

If you answered yes to 10 to 14 questions, then your child has learned a lot. The content of the questions to which you answered negatively will tell you the topics for further studies.

If you answered yes to 9 (or less) questions, then you should, first of all, read special literature, secondly, try to devote more time to activities with the child, thirdly, seek help from specialists.

What should a homemade breakfast be like? junior school student?
It is known that schoolchildren who receive a full breakfast at home study better and are less likely to suffer from excess weight and colds.
Breakfast for a child must include fruits, grains and dairy products!
There are certain foods that stimulate the mental activity of a schoolchild. For example, to maintain brain function, glucose is needed, which is found in tea and chocolates.
Vitamin B6 (memory vitamin), which helps to think faster and concentrate attention, is relevant in the school diet. Contained in durum wheat pasta, bananas, potatoes, and nuts.
Vitamin F eliminates absent-mindedness. Contained in greens, cabbage.
Magnesium helps cope with insomnia, anxiety, and stress. There is a lot of it in processed cheese, potatoes, and milk.
To ensure that your child has breakfast with an appetite, use your imagination. For example, decorate ordinary porridge with a handful of fresh berries or put a funny little man out of pieces of fruit on a plate.
Try preparing the following dishes for your child for breakfast:
Pasta salad. Boil multi-colored durum pasta, drain in a colander, and cool. Cut pitted olives into rings and mix with pasta. Add green peas. Add salt to taste. Drizzle with olive oil or season with mayonnaise.
Porridge “Good morning!” Add fresh fruits, dried fruits, nuts, seeds to the rolled oats. Pour boiling milk, keep on fire for 1 - 2 minutes, close with a lid, let it brew. After 3 - 5 minutes the porridge is ready. Add honey, sugar, salt, butter to taste.

What are the advantages and disadvantages of an extended day group?

Advantages. The child attends the extended day group in the afternoon, after school. Here he is under the supervision of a qualified teacher, has a full hot lunch, and is required to be in a children's group (sometimes very restless and conflict-ridden) all day. The nervous system of a junior schoolchild, especially a first-grader, experiences enormous stress. Many children (depending on the type of nervous system and temperament) get tired by the end of the first half of the day, overexcited from educational activities and various emotions. They become whiny, irritable, uncontrollable. After lessons, they need to change the environment, be in silence, and engage in quiet games alone, which is hardly achievable in an extended day group. Therefore, if you have the opportunity to pick up your child after school or at least after lunch, be sure to use it. In this way, you will protect the child’s nervous system from unnecessary stress and mental stress.

How to do homework with a younger student ?

The main thing is to find a way to interest your child in studying, turn doing homework into an exciting activity, and not into a hated chore (this could be a game - a competition, invented by you together with your child, a game - a trip, moral or material stimulation).
It is important to organize the preparation of lessons correctly: create a daily routine with your child and actively encourage its implementation; Explain to him that how quickly and well he does his homework depends on how much time he will have left for games and interesting activities.

The correct daily routine requires that after school the child rest, take a walk, and only after that begin to prepare his homework.

It is advisable that the student sits down for lessons at the same time.

While doing homework, the child should not be distracted: turn off the TV, computer, remove toys from the table.

Discuss with your child the time in which he must complete his homework (put a clock in front of him). This technique will help teach the student to value his time and not be distracted.

Tell your child that homework should be done according to the principle from simple to complex, from oral task to written (for example, in Russian, you first need to learn the rule, and then do a written exercise).

Every 15 – 25 minutes (depending on the age of the student), take a short break, during which the child can perform several physical exercise to relieve fatigue of the back muscles and eyes.

Don't make a scene if your child makes a mistake or writes dirty in his notebook. A student should not associate completing homework with unpleasant emotions. On the contrary, praise your child more often for a successfully completed task. Patience and a friendly tone are an important condition successful assistance little student.

Gradually teach your child to be independent. Don't sit next to him all the time. Don't rush to give him a ready answer. Better tell me where to look for this answer.

Teach your child to self-control. If you notice a mistake in your notebook, do not rush to show where it is, much less correct it. Let the student try to find the mistake himself; just tell me what line it is on.

Think carefully about whether it is advisable to load your child with additional tasks, force him to do his homework first in a draft, and then copy it into a notebook. The child becomes overtired and often begins to study worse, not better. He loses interest in studying, which becomes boring and hard work for him. Keep a sense of proportion!

Show sincere interest not only in grades, but also in what your child especially likes at school, what subjects he likes and what he doesn’t, what classmates he has, who he is friends with.

DO YOU NEED TO TEACH A CHILD TO READ? BEFORE ENTERING SCHOOL?
NECESSARY! The earlier a child begins to read, the more he enjoys doing it and the better he copes with reading.
Scientists give a number of reasons why a child should be taught to read, starting not even from preschool age, but from the very early childhood:

Children are hyperactive and inquisitive. If a child at 7 years old is given the opportunity to quench his thirst for knowledge, hyperactivity will decrease, which will protect him from injury and allow him to study the world around us more successful.

Almost all children between the ages of 2 and 5 have unique abilities, including the ability to absorb knowledge. Everyone knows the ease with which young children remember new and sometimes even incomprehensible information.

Having learned to read in early age, the child can master much more information than those of their peers who were deprived of such an opportunity. If he learned to read early, then in 1st grade he will be able to handle the material that is usually given to children under the age of 12.

The child who learned to read early loves reading. Many parents believe that children who already know how to read will be bored in 1st grade. Saying that the more children know, the more bored they will be, is the same as saying that children who know nothing will be interested in everything and forget about boredom. If the class is not interesting, then everyone will be bored. If it’s interesting, then only those who are unable to understand anything will get bored. And one more interesting fact: when a child is taught to read at home, success is one hundred percent, regardless of the method used.

NOTE TO PARENTS!

Typically, the best students in any class are children who read well.

What should be the daily routine of a primary school student?
Maintaining a daily routine helps the child cope with the academic load, promotes his health, and protects his nervous system from overwork.
Sleep duration children of primary school age ranges from 10-12 hours. Even a slight, but systematic lack of sleep has a harmful effect on the well-being and health of the child. When organizing sleep, make sure that the child goes to bed and gets up at certain time(for example, he gets up at 7:30, which means he should go to bed at 20:30). Teach him to perform all hygiene procedures prescribed before bedtime, do not allow active games, do not give a hearty dinner, coffee, strong tea. In the room where the child falls asleep, create a calm environment: turn off bright light and TV, stop talking loudly.
Morning exercises help you get into the rhythm of your working day. It should not be carried out occasionally, but regularly. Organize a sports corner, purchase special equipment, turn on rhythmic music, do a few exercises yourself, and then exercise will soon become a pleasant habit for your child.
When organizing your child’s nutrition, pay attention not only to the quality and calorie content of the food, but also to the correct diet, that is, eating during the day at a strictly defined time.
It is recommended to feed a child 7-10 years old at least four times a day. day, approximately every 3-4 hours. In the morning he should receive a hot breakfast. Lunch - at a strictly defined time, always with a first course. Dinner should be light and should be given 1-1.5 hours before bedtime. At school, the child must receive a hot breakfast, and not a bun with tea, and during an extended day - breakfast and lunch. Constantly remind your child to wash their hands before eating, not to eat unwashed fruits and vegetables, and to eat carefully, chewing food thoroughly.
Rest should be active. After several hours of working at a school desk, the child needs fresh air and exercise. sports games, a walk is also advisable after completing homework.
The daily routine should include strictly defined hours for doing homework. For a second grader this time should not exceed one hour, for a third grader - one and a half hours, for a fourth grader - two hours.

Optimal time for homework: 15:00-17:00.
Don’t forget to include in your student’s daily routine a visit to clubs or sports sections, doing household errands.
To help your child get used to following a daily routine, create it with him. Agree on all the requirements, help him get comfortable in the first weeks, do not encourage unreasonable non-compliance with the regime, and be sure to praise the child for his efforts and diligence.
NEW tips for parents of first-graders

Wake up the child calmly. When he wakes up, he should see your smile and hear your gentle voice. Don’t push him in the morning, don’t bother him over trifles, don’t reproach him for mistakes and oversights, even if “you warned him yesterday.”

Don't send your child to school without breakfast; he will have to do a lot of work before school breakfast.

Don’t say goodbye, warning and directing: “be careful not to play around”, “behave well”, “so that there are no bad grades today”, etc. Wish him good luck, cheer him up, find a few kind words. He has a difficult day ahead.

If you see that the child is upset, but is silent, do not question him, let him calm down, then he will tell everything himself..

After listening to the teacher’s remark, do not rush to scold him and try to have your conversation with the teacher without the child.

After school, do not rush to sit down for homework; you need two to three hours of rest (and in first grade it would be good to get an hour and a half of sleep) to recuperate. The best time to prepare lessons is from 15 to 17 hours. Evening classes are useless; tomorrow you will have to start all over again.

Don’t force students to do all their homework in one sitting; after 15-20 minutes of studying, 10-15-minute “breaks” are necessary.

10. While preparing lessons, do not sit “over your head”,
give the child the opportunity to work on his own, but only if necessary
our help, please be patient. Calm tone, support
(“don’t worry, everything will work out”, “let’s figure it out together”, “I’ll help you”), praise (even if it doesn’t work out very well) are necessary. Don't focus on grades.
11. When communicating with your child, try to avoid conditions. “If you do, then...” Sometimes conditions become impossible regardless of the child, and you may find yourself in a very difficult situation.

Find (try to find) during the day at least half an hour when you will belong only to the child, do not be distracted by household chores, TV, or communication with other family members. At this moment, what matters most is his deeds, worries, joys and failures.

Choose the same tactics for communication between all adults in the family and the child, and resolve your disagreements about pedagogical tactics without him. If something doesn’t work out, consult with a teacher, doctor, psychologist, do not consider the literature for parents superfluous, you will find a lot of useful information there.

Be attentive to your child's complaints of headaches, fatigue, poor condition. Most often these are objective indicators of fatigue and learning difficulties.

Please note that even “very big” children (we often say “You’re already big” to a 7-8 year old child) love a bedtime story, a song and affectionate stroking. All this calms them down, helps them relieve tension that has accumulated during the day and help them fall asleep peacefully. Try not to remember troubles before going to bed, not to sort things out, not to discuss tomorrow’s test, etc. Tomorrow is a new day, and we must do everything to make it calm, kind and joyful.

Portrait of a gifted child

Shows curiosity about many things and constantly asks questions.

Offers many ideas, solutions to problems, answers to questions.

Freely expresses his opinion, persistently, energetically defends it.

Prone to risky actions.

Possesses rich in imagination, imagination. Often concerned with the transformation and improvement of society and objects.

Possesses well developed sense humor, sees humor in situations that may not seem funny to others.

Sensitive to beauty, attentive to the aesthetics of things.

Not conflicted, not an opportunist, not afraid to distinguish himself from others.

Constructively critical, does not accept authoritarian instructions without critical examination.

10. Strives for self-expression and creative use of objects.
Advice for parents of gifted children:
* understand the child and realize his uniqueness;
* Help your child appreciate his creative personality;
* maintain the atmosphere necessary for creativity;
* do not overload him by forcing him to overdo what he loves;
* teach him hard work, patience, encourage him for all his efforts;
* be calm about your child’s emotional swings;
* do not forget to pay attention to the baby’s physical activity;
* create a friendly atmosphere towards him;
* take into account his individuality, praise him more often, treat him tactfully;
* consider yourself the most happy parent, love your child immensely.

Speech topic for parent meeting:

"Child's adaptation to school."

Prepared by educational psychologist Yu.A. Kostyushkina.

Purpose of the lesson: inform parents about the features

adaptation of first-graders to school conditions.

Tasks:

To provide knowledge about the concept of adaptation to school;

Give an idea of ​​the types of adaptation;

Equipment: lecture material, booklets.

Progress of the event:

Opening remarks teacher-psychologist:

There are parents who think something like this: “Our job is to feed and drink, and the school will teach!” This is a misconception, just as it is a misconception that education ends with receiving a diploma or defending a Ph.D. dissertation. A person must always learn - from the moment he is born until his last breath. Although, unfortunately, we have numerous examples of grown-up children who were not taught much in time. It has been proven that children who grew up in an impoverished home environment, who were poorly cared for by their mothers, have low educational achievements, and men have low earnings. Those who were raised surrounded by love and care for development and preschool education are distinguished by success in education and a relatively high income. And, what is very important, having received the baton of concern for the development and education of children from parents, in most cases they pass it on to their offspring.

Do we, adults, really understand that learning is difficult? Do we know why? And most importantly, are we ready for the school difficulties and school failures of our children?

School difficulties are inevitable (we must be prepared for this), but some will pass them unnoticed, and for others they can become an insurmountable obstacle. Here a lot depends on us, adults, on our help and our support. Do we, adults, understand that studying is serious work that requires significant intellectual, emotional and physical stress? Do we know that the beginning of the year is always the most difficult, especially for first-graders. Moreover, adaptation to school does not end in a week or two; it takes a lot of time. Therefore, in this manual we want to tell you how to help your child overcome the first steps on the school path.

Unfortunately, parents are more often impatient, intolerant and selfish, although they justify this with “good intentions”. But no matter what the excuses, irritation, screaming, showdowns, punishments, all these are additional stressful situations, this is always a child’s pain from misunderstanding and resentment. The main thing is that this only aggravates the difficulties and creates new problems. Unfortunately, the wishes of parents do not so often coincide with the capabilities of their children. Disappointment, grief, and confusion can be very bitter when the child on whom you had pinned so many hopes has failures one after another.

Why is it so difficult to study? Why do hundreds of thousands of girls and boys suffer from various school problems? We are increasingly complaining about programs, methods, and the training system. But it is important that it is not alone new program, methodology, not one textbook, not strict deadlines when everyone must work as one. After all, everyone can’t do it as one. They are very different, our children. One will listen to the teacher, mouth open and, absorbed in work, carefully write out each letter, the other will not sit quietly for a minute, and the dream of neat letters will remain our dream. One person grasps everything on the fly, while the other will have to explain it more than once or twice. One will run out after class still full of energy, while the other may fall asleep even during class due to excessive fatigue.

Some people can handle all the school workloads at the age of six, while others find it more beneficial to spend another year at home or in kindergarten. Not because the child is not ready to study, but because he is not ready for school, for the volume of school loads that he will have to cope with. And it's not just a matter of level intellectual development child, how many in age characteristics its development, in the reserves of its body, in its state of health.

What is adaptation to school?

Starting school is one of the most difficult and crucial moments in the lives of children, both socially and physiologically. These are not only new conditions of life and activity little man– these are new contacts, new relationships, new responsibilities. During this period, the child enters new social contacts related to school activities. The child’s whole life changes: everything is subordinated to studies, school, school affairs and worries. This is a very intense period, primarily because from the first days of school, students are presented with a number of tasks that are not directly related to their experience and require maximum mobilization of intellectual and physical strength.

At school everything is different: here there is work in a rather intense mode and a new strict system of requirements. It takes time and effort to adapt to them.

Adaptation (or adaptation) of a child to school does not happen immediately. It doesn't take a day or a week to get comfortable at school. for real. This is quite a long process.

The optimal time for children to adapt to school is 1.5 – 2 months.

Some children go through this difficult period longer - 3-4 months.

In extreme cases - the entire academic year.

Types of adaptation.

There are physiological, psychological and social adaptation.

INphysiological adaptation There are three main stages: indicative, the stage of unstable adaptation, and the period of relatively stable adaptation.

Approximate stage (“physiological storm”) – lasts 2-3 weeks.

When, in response to the whole complex of new influences associated with the transition to secondary school, the body's systems respond with a violent reaction and significant tension.

Unstable adaptation ("calming of the storm") – lasts 3-4 weeks.

When the body searches for and finds some optimal responses to these influences.

Relatively stable device – lasts 5-9 weeks.

When the body finds the most suitable options for responding to the load, requiring less stress on all systems (mental work, mental stress of communication).

On average, it takesfrom 2 months to six months, and the most difficult are the first - fourth weeks.

Physiological adaptation - is largely determined by the child’s health status. Based on the degree of adaptation to school, children are divided into groups: those showing mild adaptation, moderate adaptation and severe adaptation.

Ateasy adaptation state of tension functional systems the child’s body is compensated during the first quarter.

Atmoderate adaptations disturbances in well-being and health are more pronounced and can be observed during the first half of the year.

Some children adapt to schoolhard . At the same time, significant health problems increase from the beginning to the end of the school year.

Psychological adaptation getting children to school is no less important. This determines how ready the child will be to accept and understand new tasks, as well as his desire to learn and understand knowledge.

Psychological adaptation is closely related to the child’s psychological readiness for learning. Certificate successful adaptation serves, on the one hand, productivity in educational activities, on the other – internal state the child, his emotional well-being, the presence or absence of internal tension.

Once the child starts school, what do parents expect from their child: in behavior and grades?

Most often, parents expect from their children high marks and diligent behavior. But children do not always live up to these expectations. This can especially manifest itself during the period of adaptation to school. At the age of 6-7 years, children are especially sensitive to the reaction of parents and others to their behavior, to their abilities and capabilities. The child perceives failures and failures most acutely. By the way, this is why they don’t give grades in first grade. However, you can evaluate a child’s progress and behavior from the teacher’s feedback. If the teacher says that the child is inattentive and interferes with the lessons, he should not be scolded under any circumstances. It is necessary to find out from the child why he behaves this way? What doesn’t seem clear to him? Explain how to behave correctly. The same applies to the child’s changed behavior at home. It often happens that a disciplined and calm child suddenly begins to be rude to his parents and disobey. At the same time, it is possible that such behavior only happens at home, but at school the child behaves well. The first reaction of parents to a child’s rudeness is punishment. However, it would be correct to try to understand the reason for such behavior. Most likely, the reason lies in the fact that the child spends all his energy on “correct” behavior at school. Calm behavior in class, obedience and attention to the subject require enormous tension, and when he comes home, the child tries to relax, hoping that his parents will understand and support him. It is absolutely forbidden to punish a child during the period of adaptation to school. But this does not mean that rudeness should be encouraged. It is necessary to avoid as much as possible conflict situations. If a child screams and is rude, you should not shout back or immediately apply penalties. It is better to say a neutral phrase:

- You are irritated now, and it is unlikely that we will have a conversation. We'll get back to him when you calm down.

Try to hug and kiss your child once again. Your support will never be superfluous. It is important to help your child cope with learning difficulties. Including homework. But there is one caveat here: the child must first try it himself, and only after he does not succeed, he asks for help. If you initially sit down for lessons together, then the child simply will not have the habit of working independently. Very often, parents who themselves have had a hard time adapting to school, and, as a result, everyone else school years were negatively disposed towards the educational process,They can pass on their emotional mood and attitude towards school to their children, thereby creating additional psychological problems for the child during the adaptation period.

There are also reverse side. An excessively and overly optimistic attitude of parents towards school, which can only give rise to rosy ideas about the child. school life. As a result, he does not expect problems at all, and when faced with the first difficulties, he becomes disillusioned with school as such. After all, he is sure that everyone copes with the assigned tasks easily, and only he does not succeed: well, how can he not blame himself for what is happening. The child’s self-esteem falls and the desire to learn disappears. It would be much more correct to explain to the child everything about the advantages of school and learning, the knowledge and skills acquired there, but do not forget to mention that this often happens difficult task. That everyone faces difficulties, and it is important to learn to overcome them, that you will help him in any situation. As a result, the child will develop positive attitude to school, and an understanding of the difficulties ahead. Manifestations of stress and tension are not always destructive. In some cases, sloppy and disobedient children, on the contrary, begin to show unusual discipline: they wake up and make the bed themselves, do not contradict their parents, and so on. Parents are overjoyed at such changes, and do not suspect that this is evidence of problems in the child. This behavior does not need any adjustment, and, most likely, over time everything will return to normal. This is where understanding from parents is required. You should not reproach your child for returning to his “usual” behavior.

Social adaptation.

When a child enters school, many new people appear in his life andnew social role . For successful social adaptation to school, the child will need to integrate into the new conditions of school life, namely, relationships with peers, learn to work collectively and at a certain pace. Teamwork in the classroom involves intensive communication and working together, both with other students and with the teacher. This is very difficult period in the life of a first-grader, primarily because from the first days of school, students are presented with many tasks that cannot be solved using the child’s previous experience, and, therefore, require the application of physical and intellectual strength.

IN modern conditions This situation is complicated by: a decrease in the educational influence of the family, the fast pace of social life and the receipt of a lot of contradictory information from the media. Life in society requires the child to subordinate his own interests to the interests of the whole society. All this undermines the knowledge of the younger student about the world around him. It will not be easy for him to understand himself in a new environment for him and create strong, trusting relationships in it. In this regard, mandatory assistance in social adaptation to school conditions is required not only school team, but also parents of first-graders.

At the same time, how a child performs in a team during the adaptation period often determines his position in the class throughout his entire education.

A first grader must have communication skills with peers, the ability to work together and act together, and be able to build friendly relationships.Therefore, you should not scold your children for the fact that they often call up classmates for unrelated reasons, run off for a walk with them, or stay late after school.At school, the child should feel that he is comfortable, interesting and fun among his classmates, since their assessment and their attitude towards him is very important to him. Every first-grader wants to be an irreplaceable friend and inspire confidence in their classmates.This is all part of social adaptation, and you should not interfere with this process.

In addition, pThe positive emotions that a child receives from communicating with peers accelerate and facilitate his social adaptation.

Also, a first-grader must be ready to carry out the new tasks assigned to him. school tasks, be able to consciously accept new requirements imposed by the teacher, comply with the rules and norms of behavior, regime

day, hierarchy of affairs, etc. At the beginning of school life, implementing and observing new rules is a difficult task for a first-grader. Therefore, it is necessary to understand that the requirements for compliance with school rules and norms of behavior by a first-grader must be clearly and specifically presented to him. An important condition for the social adaptation of children is the same requirements of the school and parents.

Each of the parents studied at school, and they have experience, their own system of organizing educational and educational activities, which they have known since their own training. But it must be remembered that the school is a constantly changing organism. Due to thisIt is important that parents are aware of the rules and laws by which the school operates. In this way, it will be possible to avoid double standards to which the child may be subjected from the family and school, which can complicate an already difficult period in the life of a first-grader.

The situation is more complicated with shy and withdrawn children. Such children often tend to take their favorite toys to school. Many parents prevent this, citing the fact that the child has already grown up and become a student, that school is not kindergarten. However, this should not be done. The child feels insecure new environment, and the toy is like part of the old, familiar

peace - helps him feel more prosperous. So let him take the toy with him, but just explain to the child that he can only play with it during breaks.

We should not forget about the peculiarities of adaptation to school of children with developmental disabilities, in particular, hyperactive children, with developmental delays, children with autism spectrum disorders, etc. It will be much more difficult for parents of such first-graders to cope with the situation, and it would be much more appropriate for them to contact specialists in advance . Only in this way can parents be sure that they will solve the problem in the best way and help the child go through the period of adaptation to school less painfully.

The most important thing during this period is compliancedaily routine .The daily routine changes a lot at this time, but this does not mean that the routine can be completely abandoned. It is important, especially in the first months of training, for the child to organizesleep after school . This is the best option to remove nervous tension. In any case, after school you should not burden your child with academic activities; let the child rest first. Ideally, you need to spend this time with him, doing something he really loves, and only after that you can start doing your homework.

On the one hand, it should not be asked in the first grade, on the other hand, it happens in different ways. It is strictly forbidden to sit down to do homework before bed. It’s better to do this during the day, as children’s brain activity peaksfor 15-16 hours. Before going to bed, it is best to take a walk in the fresh air.

During the child’s adaptation to school, and at other times,the walk should take at least 3-4 hours a day , this is exactly the duration that doctors advise. This best way equalize the balance of static load and physical activity. You shouldn’t count on physical education lessons; 2 hours a week is not enough. According to research, a first-grader needs11 hours of good sleep . It is best to put your child to bed at 9 pm. The rise time must be set so that the first grader has time to have breakfast in the morning, do exercises and finally wake up before classes. Breakfast should be complete.

Rules that will help your child communicate:

The famous teacher and psychologist Simon Soloveichik, whose name is significant for a whole generation of students, parents and teachers, in one of his books published rules that can help parents prepare their child for independent life among their classmates at school during the adaptation period. Parents need to explain these rules to the child, and, with their help, prepare the child for adult life.

Don’t take someone else’s, but don’t give away yours either.

They asked - give it, they try to take it away - try to defend yourself.

Don't fight without a reason.

If they call you to play, go, if they don’t call you, ask permission to play together, it’s not shameful.

Play honestly, don't let your comrades down.

Don’t tease anyone, don’t beg, don’t beg for anything. Don't ask anyone for anything twice.

Be attentive wherever you need to be attentive.

• Don't cry because of your grades, be proud. Don’t argue with the teacher because of grades and don’t be offended by the teacher for grades. Try to do everything on time and think about good results, you will definitely have them.

  Don't snitch or slander anyone.

  Try to be careful.

  Say more often: let's be friends, let's play, let's go home together.

  Remember! You are not the best, you are not the worst! You are unique to yourself, parents, teachers, friends!

Phrases for communicating with your child:

Not recommended phrases for communication: - I told you a thousand times that...
-How many times should I repeat...
-What are you thinking...
-Is it really difficult for you to remember that...
-You're becoming...
-You're just like...
-Leave me alone, I have no time...
-Why is Lena (Nastya, Vasya, etc.) like this, and you are not...

You are smart, beautiful (etc.).
-It’s so good that I have you.
-You're doing great.
-I love you very much.
-How well you did it, teach me this too.
-Thank you, I am very grateful to you.
-If it weren't for you, I would never have coped with this.

How to properly survive school adaptation with your first-grader child? This problem worries many parents whose children are on the threshold of school. Adaptation (lat. "adapt" adaptation, habituation) is a process that almost every person goes through when finding themselves in new conditions, for example, due to a change in place of residence or activity. In children, adaptation processes are most pronounced during their transition to school education. Just yesterday he was a preschooler, a small child who needs to be looked after, but today he is already a schoolboy and he is faced with quite complex requirements: to come to class on time, to do his homework independently, to strictly adhere to school rules. And there is a lot more that a little student needs to do; for this, he is required to adapt to new conditions as much as possible! This is why experts warn parents:

In order for a child to adapt to school quickly and painlessly, it is necessary to prepare for schooling in advance.

Everything you need to know about school adaptation

According to psychologists, the features of adaptation (timing, characteristics) are determined by many factors. Experts consider the following to be important:

If about the importance of family relationships and proper upbringing Parents know quite well, but most of them have a vague idea about the totality of psychological, physiological and social readiness of children. Teachers primary classes note that families sometimes underestimate these types of readiness, directing all their efforts to special training (the ability to read, write, count). There are even mothers and fathers who do not fully understand that all small schoolchildren go through an adaptation period, and believe that this does not threaten their child. Meanwhile, one child (prepared) adapts in a few days, while another will take several months to get used to it. Changes in the behavior of first-graders are also characteristic: some become capricious, irritable, others become lethargic, tired, and others, on the contrary, become aggressive and agitated. Relatives need to support the child at this moment, understand his mood and help him overcome all the difficulties of addiction. And in order to make it easier for parents to determine the state of a junior schoolchild during the adaptation period, you can use a simple test that will help both observe your student and identify problems of adaptation to school life. Parents are asked to determine their child’s position based on the following indicators:

High level of adaptation

For high level will be characterized by such behavioral reactions first grader like:

• positive attitude towards school;
• appropriate perception of school rules and teacher instructions;
• easy mastering of program material;
• desire to study more complex knowledge;
• interest in lessons;
• self-execution homework;
• desire to complete class assignments;

Average level of adaptation

This level is considered the norm, since most children adapt to school conditions in this way. It is characterized by:

• a positive attitude towards learning without negative experiences;
• mastering educational material with its detailed and visual presentation;
• mastery curriculum;
• independent solution of typical problems;
• completing tasks and instructions under the supervision of the teacher;
• displaying high concentration only when performing interesting task;
• preparing for lessons and doing homework under adult supervision;
• conscientious fulfillment of class assignments;
• good relationships with classmates.

Low level of adaptation

It is typical for children who may be influenced by certain circumstances, for example, errors in upbringing (spoiling or, conversely, rejection of the child), an unfavorable family environment (discord among loved ones, a drinking parent), failure to attend kindergarten, peculiarities of the nervous system (hyperactivity, increased excitability or, conversely, inhibition). Children with a low level of adaptation exhibit:

• negative or indifferent attitude towards school;
• justifying your reluctance to study with health complaints;
• predominance of depressed mood;
• frequent violations of discipline;
• poor mastery of academic subjects;
• inability to work independently with a textbook;
• doing homework only under pressure from an adult;
• constant assistance from adults to understand and assimilate new knowledge;
• passivity and avoidance of class assignments;
• unpopularity among peers.

School maladjustment

As an extremely negative and difficult moment in the adaptation period - school maladjustment, which manifests itself in following behavior student:

• inability to organize while studying;
• complete absence motivation to study;
• inability to regulate attention, thinking processes, memory;
• reluctance to adapt to the pace of school life;
• increased fatigue, difficulty falling asleep in the evening and waking up in the morning;
• constant complaints about teachers and classmates as the reason for reluctance to study;
• academic failure.

Important: Dear parents! If you notice that your child is having difficulty getting used to school and have determined a low level of adaptation, try to use the recommendations of specialists to help the first-grader adapt to new conditions as quickly as possible.

How to properly prepare for school

To make it easier for loved ones to find ways to visit a young student during a difficult adaptation period for him and to support him, experts have developed a number of important recommendations. And if the child is still a preschooler, then the recommendations will be useful for organizing. Psychologists say that the degree of adaptation depends on how well all types of readiness are developed ( psychological, physiological and social ). What is important to know and try to observe in family education?

Psychological readiness

School teachers constantly remind parents that the success of education is based on the development of all mental processes(memory, attention, thinking, speech) and their volitional regulation. Almost all adults understand the importance mental development children and send them to school preparation centers, where qualified teachers intensively work with the children. But at home they sometimes forget about this, thinking that 2-3 times a week is enough to prepare for school. Meanwhile, work on the formation of mental processes should continue at home, since motivation for learning must be constantly maintained and improved. This will help the little student quickly adapt to school, easily master academic subjects and prevent overwork and loss of interest in learning. Teachers also note that it is important to work not only on the development of memory, attention, thinking, but also on the ability to manage emotions, since in younger schoolchildren the processes of excitation still prevail over the processes of inhibition. This means that we need to teach a first-grader to respond correctly to adequate grades, consciously obey the school rules, and manage his own performance, switching from one type of activity to another.

Physiological readiness

It is important for parents to know that during school or homework, the physical load on the student increases, since they must sit for quite a long time in a motionless position, listen carefully, strain their eyes and ears, and work a lot with their hands. In this regard motor activity for first-graders decreases, but the need for movement remains the same. Because of this discrepancy, problems arise in the physiological adaptation of children; students need time to adapt. Therefore, experts distinguish several stages of addiction:

In the form of the so-called "physiological storm" , which occurs in the first three weeks of school. At this moment the maximum voltage increases child's body and all its systems, since a first-grader faces heavy loads in the form of complex requirements, new academic subjects, and increased study time. In particular, this is how doctors explain the increase in morbidity among children, the exacerbation of chronic diseases, sleep disturbance, loss of appetite, precisely in September, after the start of school.

The next stage, lasting three to four weeks, experts believe for now "unstable device" .At this time organism begins to develop defensive reactions to difficult conditions of habituation, the “storm” decreases. In order for the student to develop additional resources that help during the adaptation period, parents do not need to panic, demand high grades, or jealously compare with other students. On the contrary, you need to be patient and help your child strengthen protective forces body, for example, provide more possibilities for relaxation, properly organize the alternation of activities and walks, offer distracting activities (games, reading funny books with school content, watching cartoons, stories about your own school childhood, excursions on weekends).

Experts consider the main stage "relatively stable adaptation" , when the child’s body reacts to educational loads with less stress, develops suitable options for adapting to new conditions, for example, hand motor skills become more developed, efficiency and perseverance increase, visual-spatial coordination develops “eye and hand” are friends with each other.

Social readiness

Social adaptation of younger schoolchildren presupposes the desire of a first-grader to take on a more complex social role - the role of a schoolchild. It is believed that this final stage adaptation, since the student already knows how to build his relationships in a group of classmates, recognizes the authority of the teacher, has acquired some skills in educational activities, and has become familiar with the criteria for self-assessment. Therefore, if the child does not have the desire for a new social role, parents need to help him adapt during the adaptation period. Experts offer:

• To develop the learning skills needed for successful studies, (the ability to listen and hear the teacher, plan your work, independently look for ways, analyze the result, correct if there are mistakes), you can use games and exercises, for example, “Find the extra object”, “Find the treasure according to plan”, “Yes and don’t say no”, “What’s missing” and many others.
• To create a successful position among classmates, it is necessary to teach the child to establish contacts with other children, contact the teacher, and be sociable and interesting for classmates. This will also help game tasks, participation in school events, holidays, family evenings, reading books ( funny stories V. Dragunsky, N. Nosov, I. Pivovarova, etc.), conversations with children.
• It is very important to develop in a primary school student the ability to adequately evaluate his own actions and the actions of his classmates (in terms of knowledge, skills, interests). This skill will help create stable learning motivation and reduce the student’s anxiety about unreasonable claims to a higher grade, resentment for not being praised, etc. This will help not only the child, but also parents, who sometimes place high demands on the student.

Important: emotional states(positive or negative) expressed by students who are adapting to school will be the main indicator of how their adaptation to school, classmates, and behavioral norms is progressing.

What can parents do to help their first-grader adapt to the school environment? Experts have developed recommendations that can be used in the family.

Important: Dear parents! Remember that adaptation to school is difficult time in the life of a little schoolboy. Before the start of the lesson, every child experiences excitement and anxiety, as he enters new life. Your task is to help him cope with all the difficulties of the adaptation period, then learning will become an interesting and exciting activity for him.

Surely there are no parents who would not be interested in how their first-grader adapts to a new life - lessons at school. Contact with peers and teacher, level of academic performance and interest in knowledge, fatigue and bad dream- all these are elements of adaptation, that is, the student’s getting used to school.

What should adults know about the indicators of such adaptation, its features and their role in this process? Let's try to figure it out.

Indicators of a child’s good psychological adaptation to first grade are when he goes to school with joy, prepares his homework with eagerness and patience, and regularly and sincerely tells his parents about everything. school events and classes. If the reaction to school is the opposite, then this is evidence of the first-grader’s poor psychological adaptation to school and a signal for parents, which indicates that the child needs their help.

Both dad and mom should delve into the problems that the first grader talks about. If he does not want to talk about school at all, then he should correctly find out the reasons for such reluctance, perhaps go to school and talk with the teacher.

During the adaptation period, you cannot raise your voice at a child, much less ridicule and shame him. Parents who at this time give examples of other students who cope better with the learning process are fundamentally wrong. After such comparisons, children, as a rule, withdraw into themselves even more and do not want to share their experiences and anxieties with their parents. And they can also harbor hatred for their classmates, who, according to their parents, cope with everything themselves at school, and learn English, and in music school walking.

Support and praise, a calm tone of communication with first-graders should be characteristic of their parents. Children, feeling the support of their parents, cope better with psychological adaptation, demonstrate, although not significant, success. They always need to be encouraged and noticed. The phrases “I’ll look later” or “I don’t have time” should not be in the vocabulary of parents of first-graders. Praise your child for what he has learned, what he has read, and what he has improved in.

Help your little student if he can't cope. Find time to show and explain, but do not do the tasks instead of the child. Build independence skills in him.

The physiological adaptation of a student to school is the physical adaptation of their body to a new rhythm and stress. This type of adaptation is divided into several stages:

1. Physiological storm. The period lasts the first two to three weeks. At this time, the child’s body responds to all stress and innovations with tension in all its systems. This means that the child is spending most of energy resources of the body. This is what explains the trend frequent illnesses schoolchildren in September, especially first-graders.
2. Unstable device. The child's body finds acceptable reactions to new conditions.
3. Relatively stable device. During this period, the first-grader’s body reacts to loads with less stress.

Both parents and teachers tend to underestimate the complexity of children’s physiological adaptation to school. And, nevertheless, according to the observations of doctors, many children lose weight by the end of the first quarter in the first grade, some experience a decrease (increase) in blood pressure and headaches. And these are clear signs of overwork, which are most often observed in the first quarter. The difficulty of physiological adaptation to school can also be manifested by the capriciousness of children.

Signs of a child’s successful adaptation to school are:

1. Satisfaction with the learning process: he feels good at school, he goes there with pleasure.
2. Successful mastery of the program. If it is traditional, and the student has difficulties in learning, then it is impossible to do without parental and, possibly, psychologist support.
3. The level of independence of a first-grader when completing tasks. Often parents show excessive zeal and control, and the habit of preparing homework together becomes permanent in the child.
4. Satisfaction interpersonal relationships. This refers to contact with the teacher and classmates, which is very important for further success and support of the desire to learn.

Stress and child's adaptation to school

First-graders often experience stress during the period of adaptation to school. And children who did not attend kindergarten are especially susceptible to this. First-graders experience three types of stress:

1. Social. This is manifested in the formation of relationships with classmates and the teacher.
2. Intellectual. It manifests itself during intellectual stress and assimilation of new knowledge.
3. Immunological. At the age of seven, children experience physiological changes in the body, which in itself leads to fatigue and mood swings. And the consequence of this is diseases of strong and healthy children, which are sometimes provoked by the natural exchange of bacteria between classmates.

In order to alleviate all these types of stress, parents should follow certain recommendations developed by psychologists and pediatricians:

1. Dream. Seven-year-old children need to sleep 10-11 hours a day. At this age, especially in the first half of the school year, daytime naps are also possible.
2. Walks and physical activity. The best rest is a change of activity, so mental activity must be combined with motor activity. Enrolling in a swimming pool or sports club will help you cope easier with adaptation at school. Doctors advise first-graders to spend at least two hours a day in the fresh air.
3. Preparation of lessons should be carried out so that after 30 minutes of continuous classes there is a 15-minute break. The peak brain activity of children in first grade occurs between 9-12 and 16-18 hours. Parents need to take this time into account when organizing their daily routine.

Adaptation of children with mental retardation to school

Children with mental retardation will more easily adapt to the first grade if they are taught an educational program that matches their capabilities. We are talking about special correction programs.

Education of such children under mass programs secondary schools in most cases leads to school maladaptation, especially in the first year of study. School maladjustment- this is the inability of a student or student to master the program and violations of behavior. Such a child perceives himself as a failure. Therefore, the leading role in the normal adaptation of such children to the first grade is played by the organization of their education according to a feasible educational program.

It should be noted that children with mental retardation, according to research, make up approximately 50% of underperforming first-graders. For such children, schools and classes for correctional and developmental education have been created.

Adaptation to a new school

Getting used to a new school, the need to change which is often caused by family circumstances, - severe emotional stress at any age. Moving to another school is always associated with many questions that concern the student: “How will I be perceived in the class?”, “Will I like the new teachers?” And at first the child will definitely compare the old school with the new. When friends remain there, it will not be easy for a student, even a successful one, to adapt. Therefore, attention and help in getting used to it are required from his parents.

You can, for example, invite new classmates home. Walking and spending time with them should be encouraged.

Differences in programs or requirements may be a problem. Therefore, parents at this time require support and patience, and attention to the child’s mood. It may be acceptable to relieve him of household duties during the adaptation period. If your student has become overly irritable, then treat this with understanding. Surely this defensive reaction child's body under stress.

If the irritability worsens, the child shows aggression for several months, and does not want to talk about school, then you need to go to to the class teacher or a school psychologist (preferably both) and ask them for advice.

Adaptation to school after summer holidays

After a three-month vacation, it is much more difficult for children to get used to school than for adults to go back to work after vacation. So that they can quickly get involved later educational process, psychologists advise changing your daily routine from mid-August. It should be the same as in September. The child needs to go to bed earlier and get up accordingly at the time at which he usually gets up during school. In the second half of August, it is necessary to repeat the material covered in the last academic year and read more.

Over the summer, a child's hand becomes unaccustomed to writing, so it is necessary to write several dictations with the child. Let him write an essay at home about his holidays and his best impressions.

In the first days of September, give your student the opportunity to rest after school for an hour or an hour and a half. It is also important to monitor your son or daughter’s time in the fresh air.

A child's restless sleep at this time is a symptom of anxiety and fatigue. It would be a good idea to brew mint tea at night and spend some quiet time together in the fresh air. Make sure that an hour or two before bedtime, your student or student does not play too active, stimulating games.

Enhance your children's diet with vitamins in early September. Include more salads and fruits in your menu. Let your child eat a handful of nuts daily, which will help ease mental stress. Chocolate can also help with intellectual activity. But only black. Pamper your child!

Especially for - Diana Rudenko