Ecological places. The cleanest and dirtiest countries

For every person, health is the basis of an active and quality life, however ecological situation in modern cities causes irreparable harm to physical and morale residents: significantly reduces life expectancy, increases the risk of serious illnesses, increases the load on nervous system person.

Fresh air, green spaces, lack of garbage, separated industrial zone - such simple conditions, which, unfortunately, are not provided everywhere in our country. However, not everything is bad everywhere, and there are settlements that have already succeeded in environmental issues. Below are the cleanest cities in Russia that you can be proud of.

Criteria for assessing the environmental situation

In order to evaluate ecological state cities, scientists conduct a series of studies, which are then compiled into indicators.

One of the main ones is the value of emissions hazardous substances in atmosphere. Every city has plants and factories, many cars, boiler houses, even people every day contribute to air pollution, therefore, the fewer emissions, the cleaner the air.

Another important indicator is the number of green spaces per 1 citizen. In large cities there should be at least 21 m2. In cities where this standard is met or exceeded, the air is cleaner, the amount of dust and dirt is reduced, and the noise level is reduced.

The following are also considered as criteria for the environmental situation: radiation, light, noise pollution, areas under solid household waste.

Rating of clean cities in Russia with a population of up to 100 thousand people

Naturally, it is not correct to consider cities with a population of over a million on an equal basis with small towns. scientific point view, therefore it is customary to highlight the most environmentally friendly settlements depending on the number of inhabitants. For example, the top ten among medium-sized cities included:

Beloretsk, which, despite its developed metallurgy and mechanical engineering, supports low level emissions into the atmosphere.
Gorno-Altaisk is the capital of the Altai Republic and also the cleanest city in Russia, which is the administrative center of the subject. The city is located in a gorge; there are practically no tall buildings or large industrial enterprises there.
Mineralnye Vody is a resort city whose task is to keep the air, water, and land clean, otherwise the healing effect of staying in this special climate will disappear. The city is surrounded by greenery and is rightfully considered a beautiful and clean city in Russia.
Balakhna is a city in the Nizhny Novgorod region with great history and many cultural monuments that are now being restored and protected. There are no large industries in the city that can significantly pollute the atmosphere, and those that exist use new technologies.

The list of environmentally friendly cities in Russia with a population of up to 100 thousand people is headed by the Udmurt city of Sarapul, which is the second largest number of inhabitants in the region, and also has a large industrial base, but despite this, the amount of atmospheric emissions is slightly lower than in similar settlements.

The top ten also included the following cities: Velikiye Luki, Revda, Belorechensk, Glazov, Krasnokamsk.

Rating of clean cities in Russia with a population of up to 250 thousand people

Cities with populations ranging from 100 to 250 thousand (large) are also of interest.

For example, Obninsk Kaluga region- a rapidly growing science city, with a rich history and a large number of attractions. The settlement is surrounded by green spaces.

Kislovodsk is a place of health for many Russians and foreign tourists; the unique climate and the presence of health resources have made it possible to create an extensive resort area in the city. When deciding which city in Russia has clean air, we can say that Kislovodsk meets all the criteria: special flora, mountain atmosphere and good ventilation (the city is located in a gorge in the direction of the wind) - all this gives residents especially healthy air that fills every cell of the body .

A similar city with little air pollution, a huge green area and unique natural properties- Essentuki.

Nazran is a city in Ingushetia that experiences annual population growth, but the amount of emissions does not increase, since the climate here is mild, there is practically no heavy industry, and the main specialization is military.

Derbent ranks first among large environmentally friendly cities in Russia. Very ancient and beautiful city, located in the foothills. The temperate climate, the absence of large highways and large industrial centers make Derbent attractive for living with ecological point vision.

In addition to those listed, environmentally friendly cities in Russia with a population of up to 250 thousand people include: Khasavyurt, Arzamas, Oktyabrsky, Novoshakhtinsk, Kaspiysk.

The cleanest large cities in Russia

Big cities in modern realities most often attract young people, because there great prospects, there is a place to develop, learn something new, and find a job easier.

Among settlements with a population of up to 1 million people, it is worth highlighting the cleanest cities in Russia for living.

The bottom five lines are:

Yoshkar-Ola is a city in the Republic of Mari El and is its capital. The populated area consists of 50% urban forests, pastures, hayfields, garden and dacha cooperatives, which has a great impact on the air quality in the city. In addition, the city is surrounded on all sides by forests.
Tambov. Despite the fact that the city has heavy industry, modern technologies and rational landscaping make it possible to maintain an ecological balance.
Saransk is a compact settlement with good natural characteristics. Active air circulation and a temperate climate make it possible to timely remove atmospheric pollution from mechanical engineering, electrical power, and metallurgy facilities, and public utilities adequately deal with actual waste, which together allows Saransk to take a worthy environmental position.
Petrozavodsk - capital city Republic of Karelia, which with difficulty achieved modern environmental “success”. Since the 90s years goes by active re-equipment of all enterprises to modern equipment, which made it possible to reduce emissions by 8 times.
Vladikavkaz is beautiful mountain city, with one of the largest zinc production facilities located on its territory. For a long time it was the main polluter of the settlement, but over the last 10 years it has been refurbished, and Vladikavkaz has breathed a sigh of relief, so much so that it has entered the top of the most environmentally friendly.

Below are the major cities that are leaders in environmental terms

Kostroma

Kostroma is one of the cleanest cities in Russia, located just 344 kilometers from Moscow. The area of the city is about 144 km 2, the population is 277 thousand people, and emissions are 22.6 thousand tons per year.

The main specialization of the settlement is the textile industry; in addition, there are mechanical engineering and processing enterprises.

The peculiarity of the city is its ancient origins(founded in 1152), it is included in the " Golden ring Russia", therefore tourism is an important field of activity. In order for guests to return here, it is necessary to maintain cleanliness, order and comfort. The efforts of city authorities and the population are reflected in the fact that Kostroma is one of the five cleanest large cities in Russia.

Grozny

Capital city Chechen Republic- Grozny is a major economic and cultural center. It occupies an area of 324 km 2 and has a population of 291 thousand people.

Industry is mainly represented by the oil and engineering sectors, but despite this, annual emissions constitute a relatively small percentage.

The cleansing of the city is due to its favorable location, mild climate, large green area, as well as the responsibility of residents who not only honor their traditions, but also treat their place of residence with love, avoiding unnecessary waste.

Sochi

It's no surprise that the resort Krasnodar region entered the top three cleanest cities in Russia. Thanks to warm winters, there is virtually no need for additional thermal power plants and boiler houses, which significantly pollute the atmosphere. The resort area is special territory, prohibited for the location of many industrial enterprises that could worsen the environmental condition.

It was Sochi that was chosen as the venue for the 2014 Olympics, one of the selection criteria for which was the environmental aspect.

The population is 411 thousand people, and they account for only 21.2 thousand tons of emissions per year, which is a low figure.

Taganrog

The Rostov city of Taganrog was founded in the 17th century as a port - military base. The area is 95 km 2, the population is 250 thousand people. The city has a temperate climate.

Economic development is based on heavy industry - metallurgy, mechanical engineering - as well as agriculture and fishing.

The city has many attractions and, most importantly, green parks and squares that clean the city of dirt and dust, and sea winds carry atmospheric pollution beyond the city limits. Thus, Taganrog produces 18 thousand tons of emissions per year.

Sevastopol

Sevastopol recently became part of Russia, but is already an example for everyone else major cities. A total of 10.4 thousand tons of emissions per year. Many will say that industry is not yet fully developed there, and the climate is suitable, but this is still due to the residents who take good care of their home: the city is clean, cozy, and has a lot of green spaces. The city has many health facilities for both children and adults.

Which cities are “outsiders” in terms of environmental situation?

Third and second places are shared by two capitals - St. Petersburg and Moscow. These large cities receive the main pollution from automobile emissions, which account for more than 80% of total mass waste. Smog in these settlements is constantly present in the sky. Among the population, lung diseases occur in every 4 residents of these cities.

Norilsk Krasnoyarsk Territory already long years is the leader in the ranking of the dirtiest cities. Its emissions into the atmosphere amount to almost 2000 thousand tons per year. Norilsk Nickel is a city-forming enterprise and an important company in the state, but it is the main source of dangerous atmospheric pollution, which extends not only to city residents, but to the entire region.

Many of our compatriots are thinking about where they can move to live within the country. Ratings demonstrating the advantages and disadvantages of individual cities can help them make their choice. How are they compiled? What is taken into account? Which Russian cities occupy the top rankings in certain categories?

Features of cities and regions of Russia

Environmental, climatic and economic conditions in different parts our countries are noticeably different. How to determine which Russian cities and regions are favorable for moving to permanent residence? Based on surveys public opinion and statistical data, ratings are compiled that should help understand this issue. Many media outlets carry out such research, but the most respected rankings are those compiled by organizations such as the Department of Sociology Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation and the Center for Strategic Research of the Rosgosstrakh company. The data source is federal Service state statistics. There are many criteria by which the situation in each city and region is assessed.

Where is the best place to move to live if the environmental factor is important to you?

Human health largely depends on the state of the environment. Toxic waste pollutes air, water and soil can cause serious illness and even premature death. The presence of environmental problems is especially dangerous for pregnant women and children. Various congenital pathologies are the result of exposure to toxic emissions on the human body.

There are three factors that determine the state of the environment:

industrial waste;
car exhaust gases;
geographical location.

Enterprises in industrial cities and a large number of transport in megacities are the main sources of pollution.

In addition, the concentration of toxic substances depends on geographic location. If a city is located between hills, air currents do not blow its territory well enough. In this case, the concentration of harmful emissions increases many times over.
Pskov;
Smolensk;
Murmansk;
Nizhnevartovsk;

Sochi.

The air is fresh, the city is small and therefore not very polluted. If you are tired of the city bustle, gases and cars, then I suggest going to Pskov.

http://otzovik.com/review_2344826.html The cleanliness of the atmosphere in this city is maintained thanks to coniferous forests located around it. Another positive factor is the many green spaces

in park areas of Pskov. It is also worth paying attention to the opposite rating, which determines the most environmentally polluted cities in Russia. When choosing a place for permanent residence, it is important to know which cities have a difficult environmental situation greatest risk

for good health. The environmental anti-rating is as follows:
Norilsk;
Moscow;
Saint Petersburg;
Cherepovets (Vologda region);

Asbestos (Sverdlovsk region). It is easy to notice that this list includes megacities and cities in which large industrial enterprises

. For example, the Severstal metallurgical plant is located in Cherepovets.

An integral part of a full life is the opportunity to receive quality medical services. Life expectancy directly depends on this factor. Assessment of the level of medical care is based on surveys of residents: how satisfied they are with the accessibility and professionalism of treatment. Additional indicators include the mortality rate among people of retirement age and the percentage of people with incomes below the average who seek paid medical services. Rating Russian cities with the most high level

Norilsk;
Moscow;
healthcare:
Naberezhnye Chelny;

Tyumen.

It is important to remember that cardiac problems are a common cause of disability and premature death. Timely diagnosis and highly professional treatment can stop the development of cardiovascular diseases. People suffering from such ailments should pay attention to the availability of cardiology clinics in the city or region to which they plan to move. These medical institutions must meet modern standards. A large number of clinics providing high-quality treatment for vascular and heart diseases are concentrated in Moscow, however, there are also high-tech cardio centers in other Russian cities.

For example, the Tyumen Cardiology Research Center, the Novosibirsk Research Institute of Circulatory Pathology named after Academician E.N. Meshalkin and the Research Institute of Cardiology named after V.A. Almazov in St. Petersburg. Standard of living In Russia, Moscow and the regions of Siberia and Far East, in which they are located large deposits oil and gas.

The remaining Russian regions lag significantly behind the leaders. This trend has continued for many years. Rating of average monthly income of working citizens in the regions
Russian Federation
in 2018:
Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug (RUB 73,091.7);
Moscow (RUB 70,220.8);

Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug (RUB 64,097.55); Nenets Autonomous Okrug (RUB 61,592.85); Chukotka Autonomous Okrug (58,063.5 rubles). It is worth noting that in regions rich in hydrocarbon reserves, not only workers receive high wages oil and gas industry . For example, in Yamalo-Nenets, which ranks first in the rating, Autonomous Okrug

The leaders of the all-Russian list simultaneously top the income level ratings in the Central, Ural, Northwestern and Far Eastern federal districts. To complete the picture, it is worth comparing the average earnings of residents in federal districts:

Central federal district(RUR 45,312.3);
Northwestern, Ural, Far Eastern federal districts(40530.6 rub.);
Siberian Federal District (RUB 31,081.05);
Southern, Volga federal districts (25957.8 rubles).

The average wage characterizes only one aspect of the standard of living. To others important aspect One that cannot be overlooked is the cost of living and price level. An indicator such as housing affordability will help to understand this issue. Rating of cities with the highest price 1 square meter housing:

Moscow (RUR 202,269);
St. Petersburg (RUB 110,114);
Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk (RUB 104,319);
Vladivostok (RUR 97,576);
Sochi (RUR 95,467).

For comparison, it’s worth checking out the list of cities with the lowest cost of 1 square meter of housing:

Nizhnekamsk (RUR 33,501);
Novokuznetsk (RUR 33,935);
Biysk (RUR 34,558);
Rybinsk (RUR 36,470);
Cherepovets (RUR 36,806).

Settlements with affordable prices for housing are mainly located in the Volga region, Southern Urals and the Siberian Federal District.

Climate

Which climatic conditions are considered the most favorable for human health and functioning? TO positive factors include minor day-to-day fluctuations in air temperature and the absence of sudden changes in atmospheric pressure. To strengthen the immune system to the human body you need to get a lot ultraviolet radiation, this is especially important for children. Therefore a large number sunny days per year has a positive effect on people's health.

Taking into account the listed criteria, the most comfortable for living climatic zones are the Azov, Black Sea and Caspian coasts.

The following cities are located in these zones:
Krasnodar;
Sevastopol;
Novorossiysk;
Nizhnevartovsk;

Astrakhan;

Have you ever been to Sochi?! Wonderful place. Six months of summer, six months of off-season - green winter. She moved three years ago from Siberia. The climate is excellent, humid and hot for a maximum of two weeks in August.
Guest

http://www.woman.ru/rest/medley8/thread/4534455/ Weather-sensitive people should carefully choose a region for permanent residence. Their health deteriorates not only from. It is affected by sudden changes in air temperature and atmospheric pressure. Day-to-day temperature fluctuations of up to 1–2 o C are considered safe for people suffering from weather dependence. In the regions listed above, this indicator is kept within these limits.

Employment

For people working age It has critical value the prospect of getting a job in the city chosen for moving. The employment potential of a city or region can be analyzed using several indicators. First of all, you need to find out what kind of competition exists in the local labor market. The number of applicants per vacancy is an indicator showing how high the competition is among applicants for a job. You should also take into account the number of unemployed people in this city

and the percentage of its residents who want to move to another region for the purpose of employment. All these criteria together will help determine how attractive and promising a given city is for migrants seeking to find work.
Ryazan;
Vologda;
Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk;
Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky;

Vladivostok.

The best cities to live in Russia If you are planning to move to a new location for a long time or permanently, it is wise to choose a sustainable and promising city

. Many Russian cities have serious development potential and show promise for the future.

Kazan

This Volga region city is one of the largest tourist centers in Russia. It attracts about a million tourists every year. The city's industry includes large chemical and aviation enterprises. Kazan is the leader in the volume of housing construction in the Volga region.

Krasnoyarsk The largest economic, educational and sports center of Central and Eastern Siberia. Multiple winner of the competition “The most comfortable city in Russia.” One of the most attractive Russian cities for investment. Leading sectors of the economy of Krasnoyarsk - non-ferrous metallurgy

and mechanical engineering. The population is growing constantly and at a rapid pace.

Krasnodar The capital of the most powerful region in southern Russia. Krasnodar has repeatedly topped the ratings of the most favorable Russian cities for doing business. The industrial potential of the region successfully attracts domestic and foreign investors. The industrial complex of Krasnodar consists of many enterprises that employ about a third of the working population. In addition, Krasnodar is an important transport hub.

Video: Krasnodar is one of the most promising cities in Russia

Novosibirsk

Passes through Novosibirsk Trans-Siberian Railway. This city has the largest logistics complex in Siberia. Its economy has a number of important advantages: diversified industry, development of the service sector, transport, logistics and science, availability large quantity small and medium business. The population of Novosibirsk is growing thanks to migrants from other Russian regions and CIS countries.

Crime level

The complex criminal situation makes the city unattractive for migrants, even if by other criteria it can boast high performance. The desire to live in safe place, where the likelihood of becoming a victim of criminals is low, often outweighs other arguments in favor of choosing a particular locality. There is a simple way to assess the crime rate - statistical data on the number of crimes committed per 1 thousand inhabitants.

The safest cities in Russia according to this criterion:
Ryazan (7.8);
Ulyanovsk (11.3);
Voronezh (11.5);
St. Petersburg (12.0);

Penza (12.9).

It is also worth paying attention to the sad list of the most criminal cities in the Russian Federation. Comparing a positive rating with a negative one shows how much crime levels differ in different cities and regions.
Kemerovo (32.2);
Kurgan (31.9);
Tyumen (30.7);
Nizhny Novgorod (27.7);

Samara (24.3).

Child development

When choosing a permanent place of residence, families with children should give preference to environmentally friendly cities with high quality medical care. It is also worth inquiring about the availability of educational, sports and entertainment facilities. Cities that have a large number of such institutions and create conditions for the comprehensive development and education of children:
Kazan;
Belgorod;
Rostov-on-Don;
Kaliningrad;

Voronezh.

If you are moving with small children, it is advisable to avoid sudden climate changes. If the climatic conditions at the new place of residence and the previous one are not too different, it will be easier for the child’s body to cope with the move.

Undoubtedly, the most prestigious city in Russia is its capital. Many Russians flock to Moscow, hoping to realize their potential there. But we must take into account that other large Russian millionaire cities are gradually developing, improving and today are not much inferior to Moscow. Among them, it is worth highlighting St. Petersburg, which is often called the cultural capital of Russia.

It is impossible to single out one city or region that meets all the requirements at the same time. For example, a city with a high average monthly salary may be environmentally unfavorable, so the choice of each migrant depends on personal preferences and life circumstances.

The country's prosperity grows along with its economic situation. Today, many regions of Russia lag significantly behind in terms of living standards, while others, on the contrary, occupy leading positions in terms of quality of living.

1. Tyumen- the most favorable locality in Russia for living, taking the leading place in the rating for the third time in a row. According to statistics, this Siberian city is the best in road construction and education.

Main characteristics:

The locality has a high level of salaries.
The city is equipped with many places for leisure of the population and children.
In Tyumen, healthcare is at a high level, which makes it the best place to live.
The work of housing and communal services is marked by coherence and interaction with the population.
The urban environment is well-maintained and allows you to find something to do for people of any age.

2. Moscow– the capital ranks second in terms of quality of life in the vastness of the homeland. One of the beautiful settlements, living here is characterized by high prices. There are a small number of poor people here, since the city ranks 2nd in terms of the well-being of populated areas in Russia.

Main characteristics:

Among those surveyed, 70% of Muscovites believe that their hometown– the best place to live.
Marked in Moscow emerging industries National economy.
The pace of reconstruction and development in the Moscow region is characterized by high rates.
Moscow has a large number interesting places, as well as high income levels.
Compared to Tyumen, the weather conditions of this settlement are much better and more favorable for life.

3. Kazan continues the list of the best places suitable for a comfortable stay. The capital of Tatarstan is proud of its decent level of education and maintenance of its housing stock.

Main characteristics:

Activities of the authorities in the field road construction Drivers cannot but rejoice - the roads are clean, smooth and well-groomed.
The city is the sixth most populous in Russia, characterized by the presence of major attractions and interesting places.
The government is implementing many government programs to improve the well-being of this locality.
Considerable attention is paid to the development of the culture of the national majority.
In general, indigenous residents are 96% satisfied with the state of Kazan.

4. Krasnodar – sunny conditions for living are combined with a favorable climate. Despite this, Krasnodar is named the leader among drinking cities according to the latest data: this is where lovers of strong drinks live.

Main characteristics:

Considered large industrial center in the south of Russia.
IN last years there is a high percentage of people moving to live here from all regions of the country.
Krasnodar is considered good place to start a business.
This city has a low unemployment rate.
The advantageous location of the point near resort areas makes it popular.

5. St. Petersburg- second among million-plus people recognized as favorable for living.

Main characteristics:

It is considered the best of the megacities, where the level of healthcare is at its best.
The city is not on the list of criminal settlements, which makes it safe.
Leningrad is a major tourist center with a large number of historical places and attractions.
The city has a unique climate that not everyone will like, but local residents and visitors note that St. Petersburg is the best place on Earth.
The beauty of this metropolis can captivate anyone, and the infrastructure is comparable to Moscow.

As you can see, the best settlements in Russia for living are characterized by high wages, a cultural sphere and a developed housing and communal services fund.

Ecology rating

To live in clean city, where the air is not polluted by emissions, is much healthier than in industrial cities.

We propose to consider the three settlements in Russia recognized as the cleanest:

Sarapul from Udmurtia– leader among the cleanest mid-sized cities. Sarapul is characterized by a small amount of emissions, which determines favorable accommodation on its territory.
Derbent from Dagestan– ranks first among large populated areas in Russia. Ecological, livable Derbent, as the amount of emissions is small.
Taganrog is a large city in terms of population, has 18,000 tons of emissions per year and is a leader in cleanliness among large populated areas.

The dirtiest cities in Russia

It is a known fact that the mortality rate of citizens increases due to bad ecology, below are the settlements that are leaders among the worst in terms of ecology.

Norilsk– the main polluted region of Russia. It is here that the metallurgical industry is widely developed, which emits nitrogen dioxide, sulfur, lead and carbon disulfide into the atmosphere in large volumes.
Moscow- ranks second among dirty places a habitat. About a million are released into the air every year harmful substances, most of which come from car exhaust.
Saint Petersburg– has a well-deserved 3rd place, the number of emissions as a percentage is growing every year.

You can live in these regions, but ecological situation does not improve human health.

Ranking by population

All cities by population can be divided into several categories, each of which will have its own top three:

Millionaires. The first three places are occupied by Moscow, St. Petersburg and Novosibirsk. It is in the territory of these settlements that a huge number of people live, increasing every year.
Big cities. The top three were occupied by Krasnodar, Saratov and Tyumen - it is here that the number of people living is close to a million.
Medium-sized cities. The first three positions are firmly occupied by Kirov, Tula and Cheboksary, characterized by a population of more than 400 thousand people.
Small towns. Among places with a population of up to 250 thousand, Syktyvkar, Khimki and Nalchik took the lead.

Useful video

Problems of environmental pollution, noise exposure, emissions, waste and discharges are vigorously discussed in society. New specialists, new technologies, equipment are appearing, universities are opening departments and specialties in the field of ecology. People want to buy dachas and cottages in ecologically clean areas, taking care of the health of themselves and their families.

Increasingly, on radio and television, as well as on the Internet, you can hear or see the expression " bad ecology", "good ecology".

We are very outraged by this, so we wrote this article.

Examples from the Internet

“Bad ecology may affect your descendants”

"Diseases of bad ecology"

“Bad ecology... what will it cost us?”

"Bad environment is the cause of appendicitis"

"Bad environment as a cause of hyperactivity"

"Moscow has a bad environment"

"Where is there good ecology in the Moscow region"

"Cottages for sale in an area with good ecology"

For us, as environmental specialists, seeing and hearing these expressions is funny and unpleasant every time.

Gross mistake

Ecology can be neither good nor bad, nor even neutral!

Let's find out why

Ecology is the SCIENCE of the relationships of living organisms and their communities with each other and with the environment. The term was coined in 1866 by Ernst Haeckel.

How can science be bad? Or good?

Talk about bad ecology area is categorically incorrect. It's the same as saying about a sick person that he has bad biology. Or bad anatomy. Stupid, don't you agree?

Ecology is the science of the environment and the processes in it, of the relationship between man and the environment within this environment.

Science studies processes and phenomena; it cannot be the result of influences, relationships and processes and be somehow described and characterized.

How to do it right

If you really need to characterize an area regarding its pollution, the following expressions will do:

Favorable environmental conditions

Unfavorable environmental situation

Low or high level of pollution in the area

Ecologically clean area

Polluted area

Let's be competent specialists!

Sincerely, ecologists of the National Industrial and Environmental Chamber.

Have you ever wondered what will happen to planet Earth in two or three decades? People continue to pollute it with garbage, industrial waste and exhaust fumes. Therefore, environmental organizations, as well as the UN, demand that governments adopt special programs so as not to turn the whole world into a dump. And this is not surprising. After all main factor improving the environmental situation is the right policy of states that think about whether their citizens live well. People's health directly depends on the quality of the water they drink, the air they breathe, whether they eat well, how well developed medicine is, and what generates the energy that heats their homes. The effective work of politicians directly affects the improvement of people's lives, but the standard of living itself varies greatly depending on the country. Now everyone is free to choose their own place to live. And in the selection process, the criteria of good ecology and health often turn out to be decisive. So which country is the cleanest from an environmental point of view today?

What is the Ecological Cleanliness Index?

The environmental policies of different countries are assessed according to several significant criteria. One of them is the Environmental Performance Index. It is compiled by the Center for Environmental Policy and Law at Yale University. The calculation methodology was created by the Center’s specialists together with international experts, in particular, Columbia University and the World Economic Forum. The rating is measured through the prism of many factors, but especially takes into account what the country is doing to improve the environmental situation and how it manages natural resources. The index sends a signal to policymakers that they need to fix it immediately, since the survival of entire nations and all of humanity is at stake. A special role is given to the assessment of measures to protect the environment and stability ecological systems, because these factors have a direct impact on human health.

Rating of countries with the cleanest ecology in the world

The environmental performance rating is published every two years and is used in special reports by the UN Defense Ministry on human development. When compiling the Index, 22 indicators are considered, among which it is taken into account how much biological diversity species of animals and plants, whether its population is healthy, whether the country is counteracting climate change and how exactly, whether the economic burden on the environment is strong, and more. 180 countries participate in the ranking. If a state meets all indicators perfectly, it receives 100 points. According to the results of these studies, the TOP 10 countries that received the highest score in 2015 include Finland, Iceland, Sweden, Denmark, Slovenia, Spain, Portugal, Estonia, Malta and France. Interestingly, researchers document improvements in 2015 in the world as a whole in access to clean water, protection of habitats and climate.

Leading countries of Northern Europe

The research results for 2015 are encouraging. After all, there are still countries where you can breathe clean air, where forests are protected and not mercilessly cut down, and where people and those in power they choose do everything to preserve nature.

Finland turned out to be an ecological paradise according to all these indicators in 2015. She got the most highly appreciated 90.68 points for achievements in water supply, for improving human health, diversity of animal and plant species and environmental protection. It's no surprise that Finland is considered one of the best places to live. Heat is actively used in new residential areas of the capital, and Helsinki's tap water is recognized as the highest quality in the world. It is supplied through a 124-kilometer tunnel carved into the rocks. The country's clean air and waters attract many tourists every year.

Iceland is not far behind the “ecological winner”. She received 90.51 points. Thanks to your natural features, this country has the least “pressure” of the economy on the environment. Houses in Iceland are heated by hydrogen, and public transport is also powered by it.

Sweden took third place among the leaders. Her score is 90.43. Forests occupy more than half of the territory of this country - hence the amazing purity of the air. In the north there are 317 glaciers that are carefully protected. The Swedish government plans to switch over the heating of its citizens' homes exclusively to solar, wind and water energy in a few years.

You can read more about life in this country at the link:

And the “four” winners are completed by the countries of Northern Europe and Denmark. It scored 89.21 points for being one of the greenest economies in the world.

Winners from the South

Let us now move on to the south of Europe. The best country Slovenia is recognized in this region for environmental efficiency (88.98 points). For the first time this state receives such high rating for successful environmental policy. For many years, Slovenia has tried to increase the richness and diversity of flora and fauna. Although the country is small in size, it has national park

, alpine lakes, thermal waters and forests. In terms of the number of trees per capita, Slovenia ranks third in Europe, and the country's beaches are among the cleanest in the world. Spain, which for a long time had serious ecological problems, this time received 88.91 points. Successful environmental planning policies and a slowdown in industrialization have turned the country into a major recreational area Europe. Spain has the toughest EU emissions quotas carbon dioxide . “Green tourism” is actively developing in the country and is reviving Agriculture

compatible with nature conservation.

How do Russian migrants live in Spain? You can find the answer to this question on our portal: The environmental situation in Portugal has also become much better (88.63 points).

There are practically no industrial zones here, and the country receives its main income from tourism and the development of golf.

Estonia, which international experts considered an “ecological outsider” just a few years ago, unexpectedly rose to eighth place in terms of environmental “cleanliness”, earning 88.59 points in the ranking. The country suddenly showed improvement in almost every measure, demonstrating a willingness to invest in new technologies. Following the example of Sweden, Estonia began to convert waste incineration into useful energy and built modern treatment systems at industrial enterprises.

Similar trends are observed in the Maltese economy. Due to limited quantity fresh drinking water, the country's government has introduced a wise tax policy. It began to encourage environmentally friendly modes of transport and subsidize the use of solar and water energy. Thus, it achieved ninth place in the ranking (88.48 points).

France, which completes the top ten, traditionally holds first place in the Environmental Performance Index. Her score is 88.20. Although it is an industrial country with a high level of industry, its government has not abandoned the use nuclear power plants , which generate 80% of all electricity. France is also investing heavily in alternative sources energy – solar panels

, wind generators, power plant systems on mountain rivers, and so on.

France has been at the top of the Environmental Performance Index for many years

States with the best level of medicine and healthcare Now let's try to figure out which countries have the best medical service and they monitor the health of their population in such a way that getting sick there is not at all scary. Every year, such an Index is compiled by the Bloomberg agency, which is the world's leading source of financial analytics. The indicators of this rating are the life expectancy of citizens, government spending on medicine, and also the efficiency of using money. These data give the right to judge the level of healthcare in the state. Not every country in the world is included in this ranking, and not all of them that invest a lot of money in medicine take first place. After all, it's all about correct use these funds, achieving maximum result

for a minimal price. So, traditionally they lead the list of countries in 2015 with the most the best medicine

in the world Hong Kong (efficiency score 89.6 points), Singapore (85.5) and Israel (71.3). average duration life here exceeds 82 years, and citizens receive excellent medical care.

Israel, a well-known country of medical tourism, earned third place for the technical equipment of the industry and the competence of doctors.

The most effective medicine in Europe, according to Bloomberg, were Spain (4th place, 70.9 points) and Italy (6th place, 67.8 points). Settled between them South Korea (5th place, 70 points). The medicine of this country is famous for its use high technology

, especially in the treatment of oncology. Spain has become famous not only for the literacy and conscientious attitude towards the work of all medical personnel, but also for the fact that most of

The cost of any prescription drugs is paid by the state.

Italy provides any free operations to all its citizens, and does not require money even from illegal migrants for ambulance services.

Which country has the most favorable climate for living? Although this question is considered to be a matter of personal preference, there is actually an objective list of indicators that appeal to most people. As a rule, we strive to avoid sudden changes in temperature - cold winters, too hot summers, and, of course, large amounts of precipitation or dangerous disasters such as tsunamis, hurricanes, floods. Therefore, many of the world-famous resorts will not take first place in terms of this indicator. International Living publication, which annually evaluates different countries based on the parameters of cost of living, infrastructure development and mild climate, it offers us a list of places with the most favorable weather conditions for living. According to the 2015 edition, the TOP 5 countries with the best climate are in Latin America

. These are Ecuador (100 points), Colombia (95), Mexico (89), Uruguay (86) and Panama (85).

Learn more about the climate in the leading countries The very name of the country Ecuador suggests that it is located on the equator, and therefore all year round

its residents are provided with direct sunlight. There are no big changes between seasons. It is hotter here on the coast, cooler in the mountains, but there are no sudden temperature changes. Colombia's climate is wetter than Ecuador's, and summer is primarily a rainy season. That's why she takes second place.

Like the previous two countries, the climate in Mexico depends on the geographic area. Near the sea, the climate in the country is tropical, and famous resorts are located there. But in these places, especially on the Caribbean coast, there are hurricanes. And in regions that are at an altitude of more than 1000 meters, the climate is moderate and healthier.

Uruguay is located in the subtropics. The climate here is not very humid and there is little rain. The difference in climate between regions is not very noticeable, but there are more pronounced seasons. But in this country there is no climate disasters– there are no hurricanes, no tsunamis, no snowfalls, no downpours. It is warmest from September to April, and at other times you have to wear a light jacket.

Panama is a hot country, located in a subequatorial climate. But there are no too large temperature fluctuations. In the mountains, on average, it is 7-8 degrees Celsius colder than on the coast. The dry season lasts from December to April. And during the rains, strong winds occur, but hurricanes do not hit the country - their path goes further north.

Residents of all these countries are less likely to have hypertension, diabetes, and are less susceptible to cardiovascular diseases. Although the natives middle zone With high pressure, most likely, Western and Central Europe with a temperate climate - Germany, Austria, Hungary, the Czech Republic, Switzerland, the Baltic states and Scandinavia.

Global research into the effectiveness of environmental policies, the level of healthcare and the beneficial effects of climate on the human body helps us understand in which countries our life and health are in good hands. After all, the consequence scientific and technological progress it became that humanity has finally learned to value the environment. Therefore, some people ensure their health and longevity by buying cleaning devices or carefully selecting only natural products for their diet. And others collect information about countries where money allocated for health and environmental policy does not go into a bottomless abyss, but is used wisely. It is interesting that the oases of purity are not industrial giants or geopolitical leaders, but such calm small countries, with excellent natural and weather conditions, like Finland, Slovenia or Ecuador.